小規模小学校での児童欠席状況を用いた消毒の効果の評価

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  • Evaluation of Effect of Disinfection by Pupil Absence Rate in Small Elementary Schools
  • ショウキボ ショウガッコウ デ ノ ジドウ ケッセキ ジョウキョウ オ モチイタ ショウドク ノ コウカ ノ ヒョウカ

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<p>【Objective】 The effect of environmental hygiene, via disinfection of frequently touched surfaces by using hypochlorite solution, in small elementary schools was evaluated on pupil absence rate.</p><p>【Methods】 Three neighborhood elementary schools participated in the study, and were stratified into intervention group which consist of one school (number of pupils, 70; one pupil transferred to a different school during the study period), and control group which consist of two schools (number of pupils, 87 and 70, respectively). The study was conducted from November 1, 2015 to March 18, 2016, for a total period of 139 days. In the intervention group, daily environmental hygiene using hypochlorite solution to disinfect frequently touched surfaces including water faucet handles, banisters, light switches, and doorknobs, was performed by a Yogo teacher after school hours. The pupil absence rate because of upper respiratory tract infection (URI), digestive tract infection, or influenza, was compared between the intervention and control group.</p><p>【Results】 In the junior grade (1st to 3rd grade, 6-9 years old), the number of URI-rerated absence more than serially two days of a pupil showed significantly low (p ＜0.05) in the intervention group compared with the control group. In the senior grade (4th to 6th grade, 9-12 years old), we could not demonstrate a significant preventive effect of environmental hygiene on URI-related pupil absence in the intervention group. Further, during the period of this study, no URI outbreaks were recorded in the intervention group, while outbreaks were recorded four times in the control group. We did not observe a significant preventive effect of environmental hygiene on digestive tract infections. However, we observed seven incidents of vomiting in the control group during the study period, while none was observed in the intervention group. Owing to the small number of diagnosed cases (absence rate due to diagnosed influenza, intervention group: 3 pupils out of 69; control group: 5 pupils out of 157), we could not demonstrate a significant preventive effect of environmental hygiene on influenza infection.</p><p>【Discussion】 In this study, we observed significantly low absence rate among junior grade with the practice of daily environmental hygiene of frequently touched surfaces, and observed no spread of infection in the classrooms. Our results suggest that the significantly low URI-related absence observed with daily environmental hygiene and disinfection is because of decreased opportunity of exposure to infectious microbes for younger pupils.</p>

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  • 学校保健研究

    学校保健研究 59 (4), 242-249, 2017-10-20

    一般社団法人 日本学校保健学会

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