Regional difference in sulcal infolding progression correlated with cerebral cortical expansion in cynomolgus monkey fetuses

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  • Kazuhiko Sawada
    Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tsukuba International University Tsuchiura Ibaraki Japan
  • Katsuhiro Fukunishi
    Department of Anatomy and Developmental Neurobiology Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
  • Masatoshi Kashima
    Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories Kagoshima Japan
  • Noritaka Imai
    Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories Kagoshima Japan
  • Shigeyoshi Saito
    Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Division of Health Sciences Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Osaka Japan
  • Ichio Aoki
    Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics National Institute of Radiological Sciences QST Chiba Japan
  • Yoshihiro Fukui
    Department of Anatomy and Developmental Neurobiology Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan

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Abstract The present study aimed to specify the cerebral sulci developed by cortical expansion in cynomolgus monkey fetuses. The degree of sulcal infolding was evaluated by the gyrification index (GI), which was quantified using ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging. The correlation of cortical volume with the sulcal GI was most frequent during embryonic days (EDs) 100 to 120. Interestingly, the high correlation was marked during EDs 140 to 150 in restricted primary sulci in prefrontal, parietotemporal and medial temporal regions. The present results suggest that cortical expansion is involved in gyral demarcation by sulcal infolding, followed by the sulcal infolding progression in phylogenetically-newer cortices.

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