Bax-induced cell death in tobacco is similar to the hypersensitive response

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  • Christophe Lacomme
    Department of Virology, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom
  • Simon Santa Cruz
    Department of Virology, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom

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<jats:p> Bax, a death-promoting member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins, triggered cell death when expressed in plants from a tobacco mosaic virus vector. Analysis of Bax deletion mutants demonstrated a requirement for the BH1 and BH3 domains in promoting rapid cell death, whereas deletion of the carboxyl-terminal transmembrane domain completely abolished the lethality of Bax in plants. The phenotype of cell death induced by Bax closely resembled the hypersensitive response induced by wild-type tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco plants carrying the <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> gene. The cell death-promoting function of Bax in plants correlated with accumulation of the defense-related protein PR1, suggesting Bax activated an endogenous cell-death program in plants. In support of this view, both <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> gene- and Bax-mediated cell death was blocked by okadaic acid, an inhibitor of protein phosphatase activity. The ability of Bax to induce cell death and a defense reaction in plants suggests that some features of animal and plant cell death processes may be shared. </jats:p>

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