Positional cloning of the wheat vernalization gene <i>VRN1</i>

• L. Yan

  Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

• A. Loukoianov

  Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

• G. Tranquilli

  Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

• M. Helguera

  Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

• T. Fahima

  Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

• J. Dubcovsky

  Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

抄録

Winter wheats require several weeks at low temperature to flower. This process, vernalization, is controlled mainly by the VRN1 gene. Using 6,190 gametes, we found VRN1 to be completely linked to MADS-box genes AP1 and AGLG1 in a 0.03-centimorgan interval flanked by genes Cysteine and Cytochrome B5 . No additional genes were found between the last two genes in the 324-kb Triticum monococcum sequence or in the colinear regions in rice and sorghum. Wheat AP1 and AGLG1 genes were similar to Arabidopsis meristem identity genes AP1 and AGL2 , respectively. AP1 transcription was regulated by vernalization in both apices and leaves, and the progressive increase of AP1 transcription was consistent with the progressive effect of vernalization on flowering time. Vernalization was required for AP1 transcription in apices and leaves in winter wheat but not in spring wheat. AGLG1 transcripts were detected during spike differentiation but not in vernalized apices or leaves, suggesting that AP1 acts upstream of AGLG1 . No differences were detected between genotypes with different VRN1 alleles in the AP1 and AGLG1 coding regions, but three independent deletions were found in the promoter region of AP1 . These results suggest that AP1 is a better candidate for VRN1 than AGLG1 . The epistatic interactions between vernalization genes VRN1 and VRN2 suggested a model in which VRN2 would repress directly or indirectly the expression of AP1 . A mutation in the promoter region of AP1 would result in the lack of recognition of the repressor and in a dominant spring growth habit.

収録刊行物

• Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100 (10), 6263-6268, 2003-05

  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

キーワード

• Multidisciplinary

詳細情報

• CRID: 1361699994139457536
• NII論文ID: 80015976243
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0937399100
• ISSN: 10916490
• ISSN: 00278424
• Web Site: https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.0937399100
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