Dynamics of cholinergic function

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書誌事項

Dynamics of cholinergic function

edited by Israel Hanin

（Advances in behavioral biology, v. 30）

Plenum, c1986

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注記

"Based on the Conference on Dynamics of Cholinergic Function, held October 31-November 4, 1983, at Wilson Lodge at Oglebay Park, West Virginia"--T.p. verso

Includes bibliographies and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

This book incorporates the proceedings of the Fifth International Cholinergic Conference, which took place in Oglebay Park, West Vir- ginia, USA, on October 30th to November 4th, 1983. A scenic forty- five minute ride from the City of Pittsburgh, surrounded by champion- ship golf courses, luxurious woods and a picturesque lake, Oglebay provided relaxed and beautiful surroundings, conducive to contem- plation, stimulating discussions and, thought-provoking scientific sessions. Over 160 individuals from allover the world participated in the sessions. The meeting was sub-divided into oral presentations, round table discussions and poster sessions, and centered upon ten key topics of cholinergic relevance (see Table of Contents). Following in the tradition of the four International Conferences which had preceded this one, the Conference featured the most up- to-date developments in the area of cholinergic mechanisms, and provided for ample and productive discussion of new fields and di- rections in this area. Moreover, both senior investigators in the field as well as recent newcomers to this sphere of investigation participated in the proceedings. This book, touches on a wide array of mechanisms and applications - from the preclinical to the clinical level. It should thus be useful as a comprehensive resource, with the cholinergic system as a focal hub. The Conference could not have been as successful as it turned out to be, without the support of a number of important contributors.

目次

I. Cholinergic Pathways: Anatomy of the Central Nervous System.- Cholinergic Systems in the Central Nervous System: Retrospection, Anatomic Distribution, and Functions.- Cholinergic Neurons and Cholinergic Projections in the Mammalian CNS.- Cortical Cholinergic Innervation: Distribution and Source in Monkeys.- Identification of Putative M1 Muscarinic Receptors Using [3H] Pirenzepine: Characterization of Binding and Autoradiographic Localization in Human Stellate Ganglia.- Neurotransmitters That ACT on Cholinergic Magnocellular Forebrain Nuclei Influence Cortical Acetylcholine Output.- Biochemistry and Immunocytochemistry of Choline Acetyltransferase.- Autoradiographic Localization of Subtypes of Muscarinic Agonist and Antagonist Binding Sites: Alterations Following CNS Lesions.- Immunocytochemical Evidence for the Intra-Axonal Transport of nAChR-Like Material in Motor Neurons.- Lateralization of Cholinergic and Energy Metabolism Related Enzymes in Human Temporal Cortex.- Immunological Approach to Cholinergic Transmission: Production of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Presynaptic Membranes Isolated from the Electric Organ of Torpedo Marmorata.- II. Aging, Sdat and Other Clinical Conditions.- Reduced Acetylcholine Synthesis in Alzheimer's Disease is a Clinically Relevant Change.- Cortical Cholinergic Hypofunction and Behavioral Impairment Produced by Basal Forebrain Lesions in the Rat.- Clinical Studies of the Cholinergic Deficit in Alzheimer's Disease.- Protection and Therapeutic Effect of CDP Choline in Hypocapnic Neurons in Culture.- The Aging of Cholinergic Synapses: Ontogenesis of Cholinergic Receptors.- Aging of Cholinergic synapses: Fiction or Reality?.- Interactions of Calcium Homeostasis, Acetylcholine Metabolism, Behavior and 3,4-Diaminopyridine During Aging.- Cholinergic Dysfunction and Memory: Implications for the Development of Animal Models of Aging and Dementia.- Relationships between Choline Acetyltransferase and Muscarinic Binding in Acing Rodent Brain and in Alzheimer's Disease.- Cholinergic Hypofunction and Dementia: Relation of Neuronal Loss in Different Parts of the Nucleus Basalis to Cortical Neuropathological Changes.- Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Systems in Primate Brain: Anatomical Organization and Role in the Pathology of Aging and Dementia.- Cell Counts in the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert and the Supraoptic Nucleus in Alzheimer-Diseased Brains.- Sympathetic Ingrowth: A Result of Cholinergic Nerve Injury IN the Adult Mammalian Brain.- Determinants of Acetylcholine Levels in Aged Rats.- Elevated Red Cell to Plasma Choline Ratios in Alzheimer's Disease.- Plasma and Red Blood Cell Choline in Aging: Rats, Monkeys and Man.- Human Red Blood Cell Choline in Aging and Senile Dementia: Effects of Precursor Therapy.- The USE of Positron Emission Tomography for the Evaluation of Choline Metabolism in the Brain of the Rhesus Monkey.- Cholinergic Mechanisms in Spinal Cord and Muscle.- Central Acetylcholine and Stress Induced Cardiovascular, Neuroendocrine and Behavioral Changes: Effects of Physostigmine and Neostigmine.- Muscarinic Supersensitivity of Anterior Pituitary Acth and ?-Endorphin Release in Major Depressive Illness.- Cholinergic Receptor Binding in the Frontal Cortex of Suicide Victims.- Membrane Transport of Choline by the Human Erythrocyte: Relationship to Intracellular Choline Content, and Effect of Treatment with Lithium.- Studies on the Synaptic Function in Muscle After Nerve Crush in Normal and Diabetic Rats.- Cholinergic REM Sleep Induction Response as a Marker of Endogenous Depression.- III. Cholinergic PRE- and Post-Synaptic Receptors.- Stereoselectivity of Some Muscarinic and Antimuscarinic Agents Related to Oxotremorine.- Affinity and Efficacy of oxotremorine Analogs at Ileal Muscarinic Receptors.- In Vivo and in Vitro Studies on a Muscarinic Presynaptic Antagonist and Postsynaptic Agonist: BM-5.- Interactions of Alaproclate, a Selective 5HT-Uptake Blocker, with Muscarinic Receptors: in Vivo and in Vitro Studies.- Presynaptic Muscarinic Receptors: Change of Sensitivity During Long-Term Drug Treatment.- Characterization of [3H]-Nicotine Binding in Rodent Brain and Comparison with the Binding of Other Labelled Nicotinic Ligands.- The Cholinergic Ligand Binding Material of Axonal Membranes.- Do Motor Neurons Contain Functional Prejunctional Cholinoceptors.- Pharmacological Characterization of Axonally Transported [125I]-?-Bungarotoxin Binding Sites in Rat Sciatic Nerve.- Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptors Labeled with [3H]Acetylcholine in Brain: Characterization, Localization and in Vivo Regulation.- IV. Acetylcholine Release.- Resting Release of Acetylcholine at the Motor Endplate.- Evoked Release of Acetylcholine at the Motor Endplate.- Depolarization Induced Hydrolysis of Cytoplasmic ACh in Mouse Brain.- Separation of Recycling and Cholinergic Nerve Terminals Guineapig Ileum.- Biochemical Implications of the Synaptic Vesicle Organization in Quick Frozen Electric Organ Nerve Terminals.- Presynaptic Changes Accompanying Transmission of a Single Nerve Impulse: An Interdisciplinary Approach Using Rapid Freezing.- Tentative Identification of the Choline Transporter in Cholinergic Presynaptic Plasma Membrane Preparations from Torpedo Electric Organ.- A Reconstituted Presynaptic Membrane Equipped with Protein Structures Which Permit the Calcium Dependent Release of Acetylcholine.- Storage and Secretion of Acetylcholine and Dopamine by PC12 Cells.- Effects of Exogenous Choline on Acetylcholine and Choline Contents and Release in Striatal Slices.- Acetylcholine and Choline Contents of Rat Skeletal Muscle Determined by a Radioenzymatic Microassay: Effects of Drugs.- PRE- and Postsynaptic Effects of Muscarinic Antagonists in the Isolated Guinea Pig Ileum.- Presynaptic Modulation of Acetylcholine Release.- Effect of Diisopropylfluorophosphate on Synaptic Transmission and Acetylcholine Sensitivity in Neuroblastoma-Myotube CO-Culture.- Acetylcholine and Choline Contents of Rat Skeletal Muscle Determined by a Radioenzymatic Microassay: Effects of Drugs.- Distribution of Presynaptic Receptors Modulating Acetylcholine Release.- Muscarinic Receptor Activation Increases Efflux of Choline from Isolated Heart and Rat Cortex in Vivo. Interactions with Forskolin and Ibmx.- Long Term Potentiation of Cholinergic Transmission in the Sympathetic Ganglion.- Control of the Release of [3H]-Acetylcholine from Rat Hippocampal Slices by Aminopyridines and Phencyclidine.- A Comparison between Endogenous Acetylcholine Release and [3H] Choline Outflow from Guinea-PIG Brain Slices.- Relationship between Calcium Entry and ACh Release in K+-Stimulated Rat Brain Synaptosomes.- V. Cholinesterases, Anticholinesterases and Reactivators.- Activation and Inhibition of the Nicotinic Receptor: Actions of Physostigmine, Pyridostigmine and Meproadifen.- Molecular Relationship between Acetylcholinesterase and Acetylcholine Receptors.- Acetylcholinesterase and the Maintenance of Neuromuscular Structure and Function.- Striatal Dopamine-?-Aminobutyric Acid-Acetylcholine Interaction in Organophosphate-Induced Neurotoxicity.- Polymorphism of Cholinesterase: Possible Insertion of the Various Molecular forms in Cellular Structures.- An Endogenous Neurotrophic Factor for the Maintenance of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase in the Preganglionically Denervated Superior Cervical Ganglion of the Cat.- Pharmacokinetics of [14C]-Sarin and Its Changes by Obidoxime and Pralidoxime.- Succinylcholine - A Method of Determination. Distribution and Elimination.- Cholinergic Effects of HI-6 in Soman Poisoning.- Acetylcholine Turnover in Mouse Brain: Influence of Cholinesterase Inhibitors.- Central Versus Peripheral Antagonism of Cholinesterase Inhibitor Induced Lethality.- Structural Gene Mutations Affecting Acetylcholinesterase and Choline Acetyltransferase Perturb Behavior and Development in a Simple Invertebrate.- VI. Acetylcholine Synthesis. Metabolism and Precursors.- Choline Fluxes to and from the Rat Cerebral Cortex Studied with the "Cup Technique" In Vivo.- Biochemical Effects of Lecithin Administration.- Factors Which Influence the Availability of Choline to Brain.- The Utilization of Supplemental Choline by Brain.- Effects of the Combined Treatment of Rats with Fluphenazine and Choline or Lecithin on the Striatal Cholinergic and Dopaminergic System.- Mechanisms of Acetylcholine Synthesis: Coupling with Choline Transport.- Target Tissue Influences on Cholinergic Development of Parasympathetic Motor Neurons.- Inhibition of Acetylcholine Synthesis in Vitro.- The Role of Glial Cells in Neuronal Acetylcholine Synthesis.- The Efflux of Choline from Nerve Cells: Mediation by Ionic Gradients and Functional Exchange of Choline from Glia to Neurons.- Choline Uptake in the Hippocampus: Inhibition of Septalhippocampal Cholinergic Neurons by Intraventricular Barbiturates.- VII. Second Messenger Mechanisms.- Studies on a cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Obtained from Nicotinic Receptor-Bearing Microsacs.- Differential Effects of Carbachol and Oxotremorine on Muscarinic Receptors, Cyclic AMP Formation, and Phosphoinositide Turnover in Chick Heart Cells.- Polyphosphoinositide and Phosphoprotein Responses to Muscarinic Receptor Activation in Bovine Adrenal Medulla.- VIII. Interaction of Acetylcholine with Other Neurotransmitter Systems.- GABAA VS. GABAB Modulation of Septal-Hippocampal Interconnections.- Septal Gabaergic Neurons: Localization and Possible Involvement in the Septal-Hippocampal Feedback Loop.- Regulation of Drugs Affecting Striatal Cholinergic Activity by Corticostriatal Projections.- Excitatory Amino Acid Influence on Striatal Cholinergic Transmission.- Contribution of the Dorsal Noradrenergic Bundle to the Effect of Amphetamine on Acetylcholine Turnover.- Substantia Innominata - Cortical Cholinergic Pathway: Regulatory Afferents.- Enkephalinergic Modulation of Cholinergic Transmission in Parasympathetic Ganglia of the Cat Urinary Bladder.- Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide-Muscarinic Cholinergic Interactions.- Serotonin and a Role in the Modulation of Cholinergic Transmission in the Mammalian Prevertebral Ganglia.- Cholinergic and Peptidergic Regulation of Ganglionic Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity.- Regulation of Acetylcholine Release From Rodent Cerebrum by Presynaptic Receptors, Methionine Enkephalin and Substance P.- Selective Facilitatory Effects of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide on Muscarinic Mechanisms in Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Ganglia of the Cat.- Interaction of Cyclic AMP with Muscarinic Autoinhibition of [3H]-Acetylcholine Secretion in Guinea-Pig Ileum Myenteric Plexus.- IX. Cholinergic Mechanisms in Physiological Function, Including Cardiovascular Events.- Parasympathetic Innervation of the Heart: Acetylcholine Turnover in Vivo.- Tendency for Repetitive Vagal Activity to Synchronize Cardiac Pacemaker Cells.- Transient Inotropic and Dromotropic Responses to Brief Vagal Stimuli.- Brain Acetylcholine in Hypertension and Behavior: Studies Using N- (4-Diethylamino-2-Butynyl)-Succinimide.- Inhibition of Brain Acetylcholine Biosynthesis by Clonidine and Methyldopa: Relevance to Hypertensive Disease.- Acetylcholine - Prostanoid Interaction in the Pulmonary Circulation.- X. Neurotoxic Agents and False Transmitters.- Long-Term Effects of AF64A on Learning and Memory Processes in the Rat.- Biochemical and Behavioral Effects of Ethylcholine Mustard Aziridinium Ion.- Histochemical and Biochemical Effects of the Injection of AF64A Into the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert: Relevance to Animal Models of Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type.- Neurotoxic Effects of Nitrogen Mustard Analogues of Choline.- Synthesis, Storage and Release of Choline Analog Esters.- A New Pharmacological Tool to Study Acetylcholine Storage in Nerve Terminals.- Alkylating Derivatives of Oxotremorine Have Irreversible Actions on Muscarinic Receptors.- Action of Phospholipase Neurotoxins on Torpedo Synaptosomes: Changes in Membrane Potential and Phosphoglyceride Composition.- Studies of Two Novel Presynaptic Toxins.- XI. Conference on Dynamics of Cholinergic Function: Overview and Comments.

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