An introduction to radioimmunoassay and related techniques
著者
書誌事項
An introduction to radioimmunoassay and related techniques
（Laboratory techniques in biochemistry and molecular biology, v. 6,
Elsevier , Sole distributors for the U.S.A. and Canada, Elsevier Science Pub. Co., 1990
4th rev. ed
- : library ed
- : pocket ed
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Immunoassay procedures have become one of the most important techniques in present-day diagnostic medicine. The move to non-radioactive tracers, the switch from polyclonal to monoclonal antibodies, and from labelled antigens to labelled antibodies are fully acknowledged and reflected in this volume. The book describes the general principles of immunoassay and the technical requirements and characteristics of such assays. Whenever appropriate, specific practical examples are given which describe in detail the preparation of materials and the conduct of an assay. Both principles and practice are illustrated by a wealth of diagrams and illustrations. An Introduction to Radioimmunoassay and Related Techniques is designed as an introductory text for the staff of clinical or research laboratories who conduct or intend to conduct such techniques, and will also be of great value to the clinicians who make use of such services. The emphasis is on general principles with practical illustrations rather than a detailed and encyclopaedic review of the literature.
目次
(Subsections not included) Chapter 1: 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Terminology. 1.3 Early development of radioimmunoassay. 1.4 Basic principles of binding assays. 1.5 Binder dilution curves and standard curves. 1.6 Methods for plotting the standard curve. 1.7 The measurement of K value. Chapter 2: 2.1 The need for purified ligand. 2.2 Availability of pure ligand. 2.3 Dissimilarity between purified ligand and endogenous ligand. 2.4 Standards. 2.5 Storage of materials used in binding assays. Chapter 3: 3.1 Radioactive isotopes. 3.2 Counting of radioactive isotopes. 3.3 Choice of counter. 3.4 Some practical aspects of isotope counting. 3.5 Essential characteristics of a tracer. 3.6 Preparation of tracers. 3.7 Iodinated tracers. 3.8 Variations on the use of radiolabelled tracers. Chapter 4: 4.1 Particle labels. 4.2 Enzyme labels (enzymoimmunoassay, EIA). 4.3 Fluorescent labels (fluoroimmunoassay, FIA). 4.4 Luminescent labels. 4.5 Advantages and disadvantages of non-isotopic labels in immunoassays. 4.6 Conclusions: the place of non-isotopic binding assays. Chapter 5: 5.1 Antibodies and the immune response. 5.2 Preparation of Antisera for use in RIA. 5.3 'Monoclonal' antibodies. 5.4 Cell receptors. 5.5 Circulating binding proteins. 5.6 Assays for the detection of endogenous antibodies, circulating binding proteins and receptors. Chapter 6: 6.1 Efficiency of separation procedures. 6.2 Practicality of separation procedures. 6.3 Methods of separation of bound and free ligand. 6.4 Immunometric techniques. Chapter 7: 7.1 General aspects of extraction procedures. 7.2 Extraction using particulate adsorbents. 7.3 Extraction with immunoadsorbents. 7.4 Extraction with organic solvents. 7.5 Dissociation procedures. 7.6 Measurement of 'free' hormone or drug. 7.7 Conclusions - the elimination of extraction procedures. 7.8 Sample collection and transport for immunoassay. Chapter 8: 8.1 Calculation of results by manual extrapolation. 8.2 Data transformation of the standard curve. 8.3 The logit transformation. 8.4 Identification of outliers. 8.5 Estimation of confidence limits to the result of an unknown. 8.6 Computer calculation of results. 8.7 Calculation of results of labelled antibody assays. 8.8 Presentation of results. Chapter 9: 9.1 Definition of sensitivity. 9.2 Methods of increasing the sensitivity of a labelled antigen immunoassay. 9.3 Methods of increasing the sensitivity of a labelled antibody assay (immunometric assays). 9.4 Methods of decreasing the sensitivity of an assay. 9.5 The low-dose hook effect. 9.6 Targeting of binding assays - the importance of ranges. 9.7 Optimisation of an assay by theoretical analysis. 9.8 Conclusions. Chapter 10: 10.1 Definition of specificity. 10.2 Specific non-specificity. 10.3 Non-specific non-specificity. Chapter 11: 11.1 Definitions. 11.2 Factors affecting precision. 11.3 Quality control to monitor the precision of a binding assay. 11.4 Practical use of a quality-control scheme. 11.5 External quality control schemes.
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