Basic physics and dosimetry
著者
書誌事項
Basic physics and dosimetry
（Clinical radiotherapy physics / edited by Subramania Jayaraman, Lawrence H. Lanzl ; with the editorial assistance of Elisabeth F. Lanzl, v. 1）
CRC Press, c1996-
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and indexes
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This exciting two-volume text provides an in-depth introduction to radiotherapy physics. Uniquely useful for both the physicist and non-physicist, Clinical Radiotherapy Physics gradually and sequentially develops each of its topics in clear, concise language. It includes important mathematical analyses, yet is written so that these sections can be skipped, if desired, without compromising understanding.
目次
- Scope of Clinical Radiotherapy Physics A Physicist in a Clinic? Physical Concepts and Radiotherapy Cooperation Between Physicist and Physician Scope of This Book Atoms, Molecules, and Matter Historical Origin of Atomic Physics Formation of Atoms and Elements Atomic Electron Configuration Definition of an Electron Volt (eV) Atomic Mass, Molecular Mass, and Atomic Mass Unit Avogadro's Number Periodic Table of Elements Molecular Bonds Elementary Particles Outer Space and Particle Research Propagation of Energy by Electromagnetic Waves Radio Waves, Heat Waves, and Light Waves Wave Propagation Photons, Quanta, and Electromagnetic Spectrum Louis de Broglie's Matter Waves Nuclear Transitions and Radioactive Decay Discovery of Natural Radioactivity Nuclear Forces and Energy Levels Nuclear Decay Schemes Alpha Decay Beta (ss) Decay Internal Conversion (IC) Isomeric Transition Nuclear Fission Nuclear Fusion Induced Nuclear Transformations Radioactive Decay Calculations Introduction Decay of a Single Isotope Radioactive Decay Chains Neutron Activation Collision and Radiation Loss in Charged-Particle Interactions Slowing Down of Charged Particles Collision Loss Radiative Loss Photon Interactions Nature of the Interactions Attenuation Coefficient (m) Coherent Thompson Scattering Photoelectric Absorption Incoherent Compton Scattering Negatron-Positron Pair Production Summing Up the Local Energy Absorbed Components of m at Different Energies Attenuation Coefficients for Mixtures and Compounds Broad and Narrow Beam Attenuation Geometries Photonuclear Reactions Conventional X-Ray Machines Discovery of X-Rays Gas-Discharge X-Ray Tube Features of Modern X-Ray Tubes High-Voltage Supply and Rectification A Typical X-Ray Circuit X-Ray Spectra and Quality Equipment for Radioisotope Teletherapy Concept of Teletherapy Radioisotope Sources Co60 Teletherapy Machines Miscellaneous Features and Accessories: Movement of Treatment Head and Patient Support
- Optical Distance Indicator
- Back-Pointing Device Closing Remarks Particle Accelerators Three Categories of Accelerators Direct-Voltage, Electronic Accelerators Linear Accelerators Betatron Cyclotron Microtron Quantification of Radiation Field - Radiation Units and Measurements Radiation Field Some Theoretical Concepts Dose and Kerma Profiles - An Interface Example Air Kerma (kair) and Water Kerma (kwater) Exposure Measurement of Exposure Use of Calibrated Ion Chamber in Therapy Beams Air-Kerma Rate Constant for Radionuclide Sources Instruments for Radiation Detection Introduction Ionization Detectors Photographic Film Detector Scintillation Detector Semiconductor Diodes Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs) Chemical Dosimeters Calorimetry Basic Ratios and Factors for the Dosimetry of External Beams Introduction Defining the Beam Geometry Quality of Beams Central-Axis Dose Profile Calculation of Dose in the Depth - General Approach Dose to Tissue in Air Inverse-Square Fall-Off Irradiation Parameters Tissue-Air Ratio (TAR) Peak Scatter Factor (PSF) Normalized PSF (NPSF) Percent Depth Dose (PDD) Tissue Maximum Ratio (TMR) Tissue-Phantom Ratio Dose Output Factors Gathering Depth-Dose Data Methods of Deriving the Dose Rate Dp at Point P
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