The voice, the Word, the books : the sacred scripture of the Jews, Christians, and Muslims

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The voice, the Word, the books : the sacred scripture of the Jews, Christians, and Muslims

F.E. Peters

Princeton University Press, c2007

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注記

Includes index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Jews, Christians, and Muslims all believe that their Scriptures preserve God's words to humanity, and that those words were spoken uniquely to them. In The Voice, the Word, the Books, F. E. Peters leads readers on an extraordinary journey through centuries of written tradition to uncover the human fingerprints on the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament, and the Quran, sacred texts that have enriched millions of lives. Bringing the latest Biblical and Quranic scholarship to a general audience, Peters explains how these three powerfully influential books passed from God's mouth, so to speak, to become the Scriptures that we possess today. He reveals new insights into their origins, contents, canonization, and the important roles they have played in the lives of their communities. He explores how they evolved through time from oral to written texts, who composed them and who wrote them, as well as the theological commonalities and points of disagreement among their adherents. Writing in the comparative style for which he is renowned, Peters charts the transmission of faith from the spoken word to the printed page, from the revelations on Sinai and Mount Hira to Mamluk ateliers in Cairo and Gutenberg's press in Mainz. Peters is an acknowledged expert who has written extensively on these three great world religions, each of them an inheritor of the faith of Abraham. Published in conjunction with an exhibit at the British Library, this illustrated book includes beautiful images of the rare editions on exhibit and constitutes Peters's most ambitious and illuminating examination yet of the sacred texts that so inform civilization both East and West.

目次

Introduction. The Voice from Sinai 1 Chapter 1: Sacred Words, Sacred Book 5 "Thus Spake Yahweh": What Is the Bible? 7 "Then the Lord Said": What Is the New Testament? 17 "Recite! in the Name of God": What Is the Quran? 28 Chapter 2: Book Shaping: The Making of a Canon 38 From Biblia to Book: The Making of the Bible 41 The Making of a "New" Testament 51 The "Old" and the "New" in the Covenant 61 The Collection of the Quran 67 Chapter 3: Reciters, Rhapsodes, and Scribes: How the Bible Reached Us 80 The Matter of Authorship 81 The Higher Criticism of the Bible 83 Composing and Performing 85 The Scribes 87 From Recitation to Writing 88 Authors behind the Authors 90 Enter J, E, and Company 92 The Writing Begins 94 Jeremiah 95 Who "Wrote" the Books? 96 Writing in Scripture 98 The Levites 100 The Masoretes 101 Chapter 4: The Reporters: The Good News and How We Got It 105 Jesus: The Setting 105 The Gospels 106 Extracting Q 107 Dating the Gospels 108 John 109 The Gospels as Documents 109 From Aramaic to Greek 110 New Approaches 111 Community Authorship 113 Paul and the Rest 114 The Apocryphal Gospels 115 Thomas and His Twin 117 Chapter 5: The Poet in Performance: The Composition of the Quran 120 The Revelations 120 Biography and the Quran 122 Approaching the Quran 126 The Cultural Environment 127 Writing and the Quran 128 Writing in Arabia 130 Oral Poetry and the Quran 132 Muhammad, Poet and Performer 133 The Bible in the Quran 135 The Mantic Seer 137 The Oral Performance 139 A Change in Style 140 The Writing Down of the Quran 141 Other Possibilities 143 Uthman or Later? 147 In Sum 150 Chapter 6: The Book in Mortal Hands 152 The Word Made Flesh: Books and Bookmaking in the Ancient World 152 Scrolls and Books 153 Searching the Scriptures 155 From Notebooks to Books 157 The Christians Adopt the Codex 159 Toward a Standard Edition? 160 The Shape of the Page: Chapter and Verse 164 Dividing the Text 164 Marking the Text 167 Suras and Ayas 169 The Sacramental Text 172 Sefer Torah: Torahs and Their Arks 174 Washing Their Hands of the Christians 180 A Matter of Etiquette: The Book in Our Hands 182 Chapter 7: In Other Words 189 The Loss of God's Tongue 190 Targums and Methurgemans 192 Scripture for the Hellenized: The Septuagint 195 Origen: Multitasking the Bible 198 From Old Latin to the Vulgate 200 Hebraica Veritas and the Latin West 203 The Polyglot 208 Enter the Humanists 210 Translating the Untranslatable Quran 214 Chapter 8: Picturing the Word 219 The Rabbis and the Second Commandment 219 Adorning and Illustrating the Hebrew Bible 223 Christian Images 228 Icons and Iconoclasm 229 The Bible with Pictures 233 Printing with Pictures 238 The Reformation and Images 240 The Word Unpictured: Islam and Images 242 Drawing in the Book 243 Chapter 9: Giving Voice to the Word 247 Talking Back to God 248 Reading through the Torah 249 The Scripture in Church 251 Praying the Quran 256 The Scripture as Libretto 258 The Cantorial Scripture 259 The Divine Office 260 The Art of Qira 263 Epilogue. Three Books, Side by Side 271 Glossary 277 List of Illustrations 281 Index 283

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