Public health evidence : tackling health inequalities

著者

書誌事項

Public health evidence : tackling health inequalities

editors, Amanda Killoran, Catherine Swann, Michael P. Kelly ; editorial board, Simon Ellis ... [et al.]

Oxford University Press, 2006

  • : pbk

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

As public health issues have gained an increasingly high political profile, the need for policy and management decisions to be informed by robust evidence of the effectiveness is now viewed as crucial. While evidence-based medicine is a well accepted feature in clinical health care, public health interventions are inherently more complex and present both significant challenges and opportunities for advancing this approach. In England, developments include the setting up of the Centre of Public Health Excellence, at the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), with the responsibility for providing evidence and guidelines on the effectiveness of interventions and programmes in priority areas of public health. Further important contributions are also being made by many other research centres and groups. This book presents many of these contributions and provides a state of the art compendium on this subject. Inequality in health is a widespread problem, and the themes discussed here can be used for international comparison and application. Public health evidence examines: international trends in social inequalities in health; the role of evidence in public health policy development and practice; the infrastructure of the UK evidence-based approach; selected examples of how evidence is being applied to reduce health inequalities in England; the methodological challenges involved in evaluating interventions and the synthesis of evidence; and how to take this approach forward. The key message is that tackling health inequalities and implementing the evidence-based approach will require commitment from all those involved; researchers, academics, policy makers, the public and private sector, practitioners, the NHS, and local government. But health inequalities are a common problem facing more developed countries, and the book has international relevance. This timely contribution pushes the boundaries of thinking on research in public health.

目次

  • SECTION 1: TOWARDS EVIDENCE-BASED POLICY AND PRACTICE: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
  • 1. Patterns and trends in inequalities in health: an international phenomenon
  • 2. The development of an evidence based approach to tackling health inequalities in England
  • 3. Social determinants and public health policy in the UK
  • SECTION 2: SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES FOR DEVELOPING AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH TO TACKLING HEALTH INEQUALITIES
  • 4. Building the evidence base - the contribution of the Department of Health's Policy Research Programme (England)
  • 5. The Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD)
  • 6. The Cochrane Collaboration
  • 7. Accumulating evidence to bring policy, practice and research together
  • 8. The Centre for Evidence-based Public Health Policy: part of the ESRC Evidence Network
  • 9. What Works for Children?
  • 10. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
  • 11. Health Evidence Bulletins Wales
  • 12. Evidence, policy and practice - developing collaborative approaches in Scotland
  • SECTION 3: CONCEPTS AND METHODS FOR EVALUATION AND SYNTHESIS OF THE EVIDENCE: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
  • 13. Simple Principles for the Evaluation of Complex Programmes
  • 14. Systematic or Unsystematic, is that the question? Some reflections on the science, art and politics of reviewing research evidence
  • 15. Research synthesis for tackling health inequalities: lessons from methods developed within systematic reviews with a focus on marginalised groups
  • 16. Evidence from qualitative and quantitative research
  • 17. Evidence for public health practice: conceptual and methodological challenges
  • 18. What evidence do we have on implementation?
  • 19. The Bayesian approach to decision making
  • SECTION 4: PUTTING EVIDENCE INTO POLICY AND PRACTICE: EXAMPLES AND LESSONS
  • 20. Teenage pregnancy policy and practice: the application of evidence
  • 21. Smoking cessation: an evidence-based approach to tackling health inequalities?
  • 22. Ethnicity
  • 23. Tackling health inequalities at the community level: Neighbourhood Renewal and the New Deal for Communities
  • 24. Healthy Living Centres
  • 25. Health Action Zones
  • 26. Evidence into practice for service improvement in health care: experience from the NHS Modernisation Agency
  • SECTION 5: DEVELOPMENTS AND EXPERIENCES INTERNATIONALLY
  • 27. Public policies and inequalities and health - challenges and lessons from Finland
  • 28. Sweden
  • 29. Assessing and Addressing Health Inequalities: The Canadian Experience
  • 30. An evidence based approach to public health and tackling health inequalities in Ireland and Northern Ireland
  • SECTION 6: THE FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
  • 31. Bringing about social change-implications for health
  • 32. Tackling health inequalities: improving the health of poor groups, narrowing health gaps and reducing health gradients
  • 33. Mapping the life world: a future research priority for public health

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