Mechanical behavior of materials : engineering methods for deformation, fracture, and fatigue

著者

書誌事項

Mechanical behavior of materials : engineering methods for deformation, fracture, and fatigue

Norman E. Dowling

Pearson, c2013

4th ed., 2nd print

  • international ed

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. 920-932) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

For upper-level undergraduate engineering courses in Mechanical Behavior of Materials. Mechanical Behavior of Materials, 4/e introduces the spectrum of mechanical behavior of materials, emphasizing practical engineering methods for testing structural materials to obtain their properties, and predicting their strength and life when used for machines, vehicles, and structures. With its logical treatment and ready-to-use format, it is ideal for upper-level undergraduate students who have completed elementary mechanics of materials courses.

目次

1 Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Types of Material Failure 2 1.3 Design and Materials Selection 10 1.4 Technological Challenge 16 1.5 Economic Importance of Fracture 18 1.6 Summary 19 References 20 Problems and Questions 20 2 Structure and Deformation in Materials 22 2.1 Introduction 22 2.2 Bonding in Solids 24 2.3 Structure in Crystalline Materials 28 2.4 Elastic Deformation and Theoretical Strength 32 2.5 Inelastic Deformation 37 2.6 Summary 43 References 44 Problems and Questions 45 3 A Survey of Engineering Materials 47 3.1 Introduction 47 3.2 Alloying and Processing of Metals 48 3.3 Irons and Steels 54 3.4 Nonferrous Metals 62 3.5 Polymers 66 3.6 Ceramics and Glasses 76 3.7 Composite Materials 82 3.8 Materials Selection for Engineering Components 87 3.9 Summary 93 References 95 Problems and Questions 96 4 Mechanical Testing: Tension Test and Other Basic Tests 100 4.1 Introduction 100 4.2 Introduction to Tension Test 105 4.3 Engineering Stress-Strain Properties 110 4.4 Trends in Tensile Behavior 119 4.5 True Stress-Strain Interpretation of Tension Test 125 4.6 Compression Test 133 4.7 Hardness Tests 139 4.8 Notch-Impact Tests 146 4.9 Bending and Torsion Tests 151 4.10 Summary 157 References 158 Problems and Questions 159 5 Stress-Strain Relationships and Behavior 172 5.1 Introduction 172 5.2 Models for Deformation Behavior 173 5.3 Elastic Deformation 183 5.4 Anisotropic Materials 196 5.5 Summary 205 References 207 Problems and Questions 207 6 Review of Complex and Principal States of Stress and Strain 216 6.1 Introduction 216 6.2 Plane Stress 217 6.3 Principal Stresses and the Maximum Shear Stress 227 6.4 Three-Dimensional States of Stress 235 6.5 Stresses on the Octahedral Planes 242 6.6 Complex States of Strain 244 6.7 Summary 249 References 251 Problems and Questions 251 7 Yielding and Fracture under Combined Stresses 257 7.1 Introduction 257 7.2 General Form of Failure Criteria 259 7.3 Maximum Normal Stress Fracture Criterion 261 7.4 Maximum Shear Stress Yield Criterion 264 7.5 Octahedral Shear Stress Yield Criterion 270 7.6 Discussion of the Basic Failure Criteria 277 7.7 Coulomb-Mohr Fracture Criterion 283 7.8 Modified Mohr Fracture Criterion 293 7.9 Additional Comments on Failure Criteria 300 7.10 Summary 303 References 304 Problems and Questions 305 8 Fracture of Cracked Members 316 8.1 Introduction 316 8.2 Preliminary Discussion 319 8.3 Mathematical Concepts 326 8.4 Application of K to Design and Analysis 330 8.5 Additional Topics on Application of K 341 8.6 Fracture Toughness Values and Trends 353 8.7 Plastic Zone Size, and Plasticity Limitations on LEFM 363 8.8 Discussion of Fracture Toughness Testing 372 8.9 Extensions of Fracture Mechanics Beyond Linear Elasticity 373 8.10 Summary 380 References 383 Problems and Questions 384 9 Fatigue of Materials: Introduction and Stress-Based Approach 398 9.1 Introduction 398 9.2 Definitions and Concepts 400 9.3 Sources of Cyclic Loading 411 9.4 Fatigue Testing 412 9.5 The Physical Nature of Fatigue Damage 417 9.6 Trends in S-N Curves 423 9.7 Mean Stresses 433 9.8 Multiaxial Stresses 445 9.9 Variable Amplitude Loading 450 9.10 Summar

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