Quality Changes of Groundwater in Relation to Evolution of the Nobi Artesian Basin

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  • 濃尾地下水盆の消長と地下水の水質変動
  • ノウビ チカスイボン ノ ショウチョウ ト チカスイ ノ スイシツ ヘンドウ

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Abstract

<p>The Nobi plain, 1300km2 in area, comprises thick Cenozoic and Neogen strata, and it makes one of the biggest artesian basin in Japan. A tremendous volume of groundwater is confined to the basin. Artesian wells in the plain have been extensively drilled. After the World War II, particularly, the large-scale exploitation of the groundwater for industries has inevitably lowered the water level in the artesian basin, giving rise to land subsidence; the most serious subsidence occurred around 1973. According to the regulation for the use of groundwater, the water level has been rising, although the subsided ground did not recover. This study is intended to describe the evolution of groundwater-qualities during the serious fluctuation of water level, in comparison with data obtained before the large-scale exploitation. A noticeable feature of the water quality during the period of lower water level is increase of chloride and sulfate ions. This feature can be attributed to vertical permeation of surface waters. Sulfur isotopic data show that, in an extreme case, atmospheric oxygen infiltrated into strata of marine clay where the oxygen oxidized marine sulfides in the strata; as a result, sulfate ion conspicuously appeared in the groundwater. The vertical filtration enhanced the concentration of chloride stemmed from human activities on the earth.</p>

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