A Retrospective Study of 5,092 Implants Consecutively Placed in Both Maxilla and Mandible：Characteristics of Failed Implants Extracted and Relationships of Jaws and Local Factors

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  • 5,092本のインプラント臨床成績：摘出インプラントの特徴および顎骨と局所的因子との関連性

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Abstract

In the present study, we worked out the implant extraction rate, and looked into the relationships between jaws and local dental factors that might contribute toward implant extraction. In addition,we investigated clinical problems and treatment procedures after extraction.<br/> Extracted implants used in this study were from among 5,092 implants (2,201 implants in men, and 2,891 implants in women), which had been placed one month to 22 years previously, in 2,969 cases (1,245 for men, and 1,724 for women) of 2,261 patients (957 men and 1,304 women; age,10～ 88 yrs). The clinical examination was accomplished by a total of 74 dentists.<br/> The percentage of extracted implants was in the range of 5～6% of the total number of patients, cases, and implants, respectively. A significant gender difference was noted in the number of implants. The patients in their 40s had the lowest extraction rate. The patients under 40 years of age, or those of 50 and over, showed a higher extraction rate. One dentist extracted 3.3 implants from 1.9 patients and 2.4 cases, on average. The number of implants placed during the 1994s was larger than that placed before any preceding decade, and the extraction rate was on the decline. A check of dentists' experience in implant extraction showed that 48.6% of the dentists had extracted one to four implants, and that 32.4% had no previous experience.<br/> When the relationships between jaws and local dental factors were examined by category, it was found that maxillae had a higher extraction rate than mandibles, in many cases. There were diverse reasons for implant extraction: inadequate bone quality, bone thickness and alveolar bone height, unfavorable occlusal relationships, osseointegration failure, and poor oral hygiene. After implant extraction, implant treatment was redone in a significant 55.2% of the cases.<br/> The above-mentioned findings will serve as evidence that can contribute to the progress of implant therapy with high long-term predictability.<br/>

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