地域農業と構造問題・構造政策

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  • Regional Agriculture and Structural Policy
  • チイキ ノウギョウ ト コウゾウ モンダイ コウゾウ セイサク

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This article aims at examining the characteristics and development of structural policy which started to implement widely after the 1961 Agricultural Basic Law with keeping the relationship to regional agriculture in view.<br>The Agricultural Basic Law mentioned three principle policies, production policy, price policy and structural policy, which the national government had to solve. The structural policy of three policies was given a status as a key one so as to accomplish balance of income through the improvement of productivity. The main part in the structural policy was agricultural land mobilization policy, which aims at consolidation of agricultural land to the farmers wishing to enlarge their farm holding. The transfer of rights on agricultural land after 1970's shifted from transfer of ownership to lease, and the national government encouraged to diffuse the idea of lease. At local government, the promotion of lease was done through the assistance of the project members in the local government and they made the most of the function of rural community. The agricultural land mobilization policy placed an emphasis on securing borrowers than finding lender owing to the current of the borrowers' market.<br>In the Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas, the goal of structural policy is ‘establishment of desirable agricultural structure’ which means that efficient and stable farm management covers most of agricultural production. But the position of structural policy under the decline of the recent circumstance of agriculture has been changed, and at the same time structural policy had been shifted to management policy.

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