Comparative Evaluation of Effects of .GAMMA.-Rays and Heavy Metals on Mobility of the Water Flea Daphnia magna

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  • FUMA Shoichi
    Environmental and Toxicological Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University
  • ISHII Nobuyoshi
    Environmental and Toxicological Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences
  • TANAKA Nobuyuki
    Environmental and Toxicological Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences
  • TAKEDA Hiroshi
    Environmental and Toxicological Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences
  • MIYAMOTO Kiriko
    Environmental and Toxicological Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences
  • YANAGISAWA Kei
    Environmental and Toxicological Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences
  • SAITO Masahiro
    Kyoto Unviersity Research Reactor Institute
  • ICHIMASA Yusuke
    Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University

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Other Title
  • γ線と重金属がオオミジンコ<I>Daphnia magna</I>の遊泳に与える影響の比較評価
  • Comparative Evaluation of Effects of γ-Rays and Heavy Metals on Mobility of the Water Flea Daphnia magna
  • Comparative Evaluation of Effects of ガンマ Rays and Heavy Metals on Mobility of the Water Flea Daphnia magna

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Abstract

The authors comparatively studied effects of γ-rays and some heavy metal treatments on mobility of water flea Daphnia magna according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, which is generally used for ecotoxicity evaluation of chemicals. The 50% effect dose at 24 hours after γ-irradiation (ED50/24h) was 1 600 Gy. The 50% effect concentrations following 24 hours exposure for manganese, nickel and copper (EC50/24h) were 990, 180 and 3.3 μM, respectively. The Gy-equivalent factors (=ED50/24h/EC50/24h) were therefore calculated as 1.6, 8.9 and 480 for manganese, nickel and copper, respectively. These factors indicate that toxicity of these metals to D. magna can be ranked in an order of Mn<Ni<Cu. This toxicity rank shows a similar trend to that evaluated previously in the experimental model ecosystem (microcosm) consisting of three species of aquatic microorganisms. However, there was a noteworthy difference in the toxicity ranks obtained from the D. magna immobilization test and the microcosm test, suggesting that ecotoxicity ranking should be carried out by integrated evaluation on the basis of various ecotoxicity tests.

Journal

  • RADIOISOTOPES

    RADIOISOTOPES 52 (7), 319-326, 2003

    Japan Radioisotope Association

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