Biphasic Regulation of Fc-Receptor Mediated Phagocytosis of Rabbit Alveolar Macrophages by Surfactant Phospholipids

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  • Morito Toshihiro
    Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University
  • Oishi Kazunori
    Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University
  • Yamamoto Masashi
    Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University
  • Matsumoto Keizo
    Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University

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Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) is a major phospholipid constituent in the pulmonary surfactant, whereas lysophosphatidylcholine (Lyso-PC) is a minor constituent, this membrane phospholipid being produced at inflammatory sites in association with activation of phospholipase A2. To determine the role of these two different forms of phospholipids in the phagocytic function of alveolar macrophages (AM), we examined the effects of DPPC or Lyso-PC on Fc-mediated phagocytosis. We demonstrated a significant decrease of the ingestion activity of AM for anti-sheep erythrocyte immunoglobulin G-coated sheep erythrocytes (EA: IgG) by DPPC. On the other hand, Lyso-PC caused significantly increased ingestion of EA: IgG by AM. These data indicate that increase of Lyso-PC due to the hydrolysis of DPPC through activation of phospholipase A2 may up-regulate AM-mediated phagocytic functions in the alveolar milieu associated with infections and inflammation. DPPC may suppress and stabilize the AM-mediated phagocytosis in the normal alveolar environment.

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