微細石灰化像の基礎と臨床(3)乳腺微細石灰化症例のマンモグラフィ所見との対比による病理学的検討

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  • Pathological Evaluation of Small Breast Lesions with Abnormal Mammographic Microcalcification

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The incidence of small breast lesions with abnormal mammographic microcalcification (MC) is increasing, particularly as a result of the introduction of mammography (MMG) screening. MC is classified into five categories ; 90% of category 5 lesions are malignant and 90% of category 3 are benign. Microcalcified lesions are also divided into two types according to their constituent materials : type I (calcium oxalate) and type II (hydroxyapatite).The histopathological patterns of MC are usually subdivided into two types : necrotic (comedo carcinoma) and secretory (low-grade DCIS and benign lesions). However, few studies have made careful comparison between the findings of MMG and the histology of MC.<BR>In the present study, breast lumpectomy specimens of small lesions detected by the presence of MC were compared with their MMG findings using serial sections. Kossa staining was sometimes used to detect hydroxyapatite in the specimens more clearly.<BR>Reasons for discrepancy between MMG and histological finding were as follows : <BR>1) Abnormal quality and/or quantity of calcification in carcinoma, leading to classification as low malignancy on the basis of MMG.<BR>2) Grouped calcification with special histology, for example, sclerosing adenosis in fibroadenoma, leading to classification into a different category from that obtained by conventional MMG findings.<BR>3) Complex calcified lesions composed of benign and malignant small lesions.<BR>More careful histological examination of MC lesions using serial sections in relation to MMG findings is necessary.

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