Stanniocalcin-1 as a Novel Marker to Detect Minimal Residual Disease of Human Leukemia

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  • Tohmiya Yasuo
    Department of Rheumatology and Hematology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Koide Yoshio
    Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Fujimaki Shinichi
    Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Harigae Hideo
    Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Funato Tadao
    Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Kaku Mitsuo
    Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Ishii Tomonori
    Department of Rheumatology and Hematology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Munakata Yasuhiko
    Department of Rheumatology and Hematology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Kameoka Junichi
    Department of Rheumatology and Hematology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Sasaki Takeshi
    Department of Rheumatology and Hematology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine

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Abstract

Stanniocalcin is a glycoprotein hormone that regulates the calcium level in fish. We found that mRNA of human stanniocalcin 1 (STC-1) is detectable in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated T cells and in most human leukemia cell lines, suggesting a role of STC-1 for cell proliferation. This finding prompts us to study the usefulness of STC-1 for monitoring acute leukemia. The levels of STC-1 transcripts increased in patients with acute leukemia at diagnosis and relapse, as judged by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Levels of transcripts rapidly decreased to within the cut-off levels, when the blast numbers decreased with chemotherapy. Prolonged elevation of STC-1 levels after treatment was associated with a poor prognosis. All of 7 patients relapsed 1 to 4 months after they showed an elevated level of the transcripts in clinical remission. These results indicate that STC-1 is a novel marker for minimal residual disease of acute leukemia, and for an early diagnosis of relapse.

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