Generation Mechanism of Earth Potential Difference Signal during Seismic Wave Propagation and its Observation Condition

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  • 地震波伝搬時の地中電位差信号発生機構とその信号の観測条件
  • ジシンハ デンパンジ ノ チチュウ デンイサ シンゴウ ハッセイ キコウ ト ソノ シンゴウ ノ カンソク ジョウケン

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Abstract

We have observed the co-seismic electromagnetic phenomena such as earth potential difference (EPD) variation in many observation sites of both Miyagi and Akita Prefectures. So far, in any earthquakes we observed clear signals of the EPD variation. However, the amplitude of observed EPD signals are very different at each site. To explain this difference, firstly we assumed the EPD generation mechanism to be the streaming potential. Secondarily, the underground circumstance is modeled as the composer of groundwater table, capillary tubes and fine tubes. The model how EPD variation signals appear is postulated to explain the observed data. The relative position of the ground water table against the buried electrodes is examined to explain the observed data. The groundwater table may be very sensitive to the appearance of the EPD variation. If electrodes were buried a few meters below the ground surface, we could observe the EPD signals in the case of shallow groundwater table.

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