Electromyographic Analysis of Upper Lip Movement during Feeding in Unilateral Cleft Lip (and Palate) Patients

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  • MORIYAMA Seiji
    Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima University Dental School (Chief Prof. Tamotsu MIMURA)

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  • 片側性唇(顎口蓋)裂患者の哺乳時上唇運動の筋電図学的分析

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Abstract

An electromyographic study was carried out on the upper lip movement of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients during nursing before and after lip repair. The subjects consisted of 9 unilateral cleft lip and palate patients (UCLP group),6unilateral cleft lip patients (UCL goup) and 8 normal babies (normal group). Two pairs of surface electrodes measuring 8 mm in diameter were atta ched on both the cleft side and non cleft side of the upper lip. EMG activity during bottle feeding was measured preoperatively and 1 month and 3 months following lip repair in the patient groups and at the ages of 4 months and 7 months in normal babies, corresponding to the age in the patient groups preoperatively and 3 months following surgery. The oppressive pressure in the nipple of the nursing bottle (intra-nipple pressure) and the intra oral negative pressure due to sucking (intra-oral pressure) were measured simultaneously. The results were as follows:<BR>1. Preoperatively, peak EMG and total EMG of the UCLP group were significantly lower than those of the normal group, and those on the cleft side were significantly lower than those of the non cleft side. Following surgery, peak EMG and total EMG on both sides increased significantly. Three months following surgery, the peak EMG on both sides increased nearly to the level in the normal group, but the total EMG of the cleft side remained significantly lower than that of the normal group.<BR>2. In the UCL group, the pea k EMG and total EMG of both sides tended to be lower than those of the normal group but there was no significant difference between the two groups. Following surgery, those values on both sides increased significantly, becoming close to the level in the normal group.<BR>3. Preoperatively, the cycle time and rhythms of oppressive pressure in the UCLP group and UCL group resembled those in the normal group and did not change following surgery. Peak EMG time on the cleft side in the UCLP group occurred significantly later than in the normal group, but following surgery, it repidly became nearly equal to that in the normal group. Peak EMG time in the UCL goup was nearly the level of the normal group before and after surgery. Key words: cleft lip and palate, electromyography, lip repair, orbicularis oris muscle, nursing

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