Two-dimensional fluid dynamics simulation model for stream avalanches

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  • 流れ型雪崩の二次元流動モデルの構築
  • ナガレガタ ナダレ ノ 2ジゲン リュウドウ モデル ノ コウチク

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Abstract

In recent years, natural disasters due to abnormal weather have frequently occurred all over the world. In Japan, which has a large number of heavy snowfall zones, disasters due to avalanches is a matter of grave concern. In order to prevent such disasters, building a fluid dynamics simulation model of avalanches is important. Hazard maps can be compiled on the basis of the data obtained from the simulations. Furthermore, disaster-prevention facilities for avalanches can be constructed after analyzing the results obtained from the fluid dynamics simulation model. For stream avalanches, the amount of snow and the shape of the avalanches vary with flow by the intake of snow from the frontside and the breakaway of snow toward the tailside. By considering the abovementioned mechanism of avalanches, Fukushima and Osawa (2007) proposed a one-dimensional simulation model. In this study, a two-dimensional simulation model for avalanche dynamics was developed by considering three-dimensional topography. This simulation model can use digital maps and analyze the flow route and lateral spread of avalanches.

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