Imaging Diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis

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  • 急性膵炎の画像診断
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Abstract

It is necessary to understand the anatomy of the retroperitoneal spaces including the pancreas and mesentery to diagnose pancreatic diseases correctly. Though non-contrast CT is adequate to diagnose acute pancreatitis, contrast enhanced CT is essential for examination of the severity and complication of acute pancreatitis. Occasionally, invasion of the main pancreatic duct by pancreatic carcinoma may cause acute pancreatitis. Contrast-enhanced CT is recommended to detect small pancreatic cancers, because non-contrast CT cannot detect these tumors. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) are able to clearly depict biliary stones, hemorrhagic fat necrosis, and hemorrhage within the pseudocysts associated with acute pancreatitis. MRCP also illustrates both bile and pancreatic ducts without contrast medium, and is suitable for screening for the etiologies of pancreatitis such as an anomalous connection between the bile and pancreatic ducts.

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