Early Detection of Melanoma Progression by Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Analysis for Multiple Melanoma Markers

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  • Arenberger Peter
    Department of Dermatovenereology, Charles University 3<sup>rd</sup> Medical Faculty
  • Arenbergerova Monika
    Department of Dermatovenereology, Charles University 3<sup>rd</sup> Medical Faculty
  • Vohradnikova Olga
    Department of Dermatovenereology, Charles University 3<sup>rd</sup> Medical Faculty
  • Kremen Jaromir
    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles University 3<sup>rd</sup> Medical Faculty

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Standard screening of melanoma patients is a useful tool for predicting outcome of patients, however, an instant methodology for exact detection of subclinical disease or monitoring treatment response is under investigation.<br> Detection of circulating melanoma cells is, therefore, a possible novel promising staging method. However, inconsistent data on method sensitivity and on the predicted patient outcome has been shown repeatedly.<br> Recently, a multimarker real-time RT-PCR methodology for quantification of five melanoma markers Melan-A, gp 100, MAGE-3, MIA and tyrosinase was described by our group. In the current prospective trial, blood specimens of 65 patients with AJCC stage IIB-III cutaneous melanoma after surgery were periodically examined. In the above group, 27 % of subjects relapsed during the study. Prior to the disease progression we could observe a statistically significant tumor marker elevation in previous 0 to 9 months in all patients with clinical relapse. MAGE-3 became the most sensitive progression marker. During progression, three concordant positive markers were seen in 39 % of patients, followed by two concordant positive markers in 28 % and 1 marker in 33 %.<br> This study supports the use of a multimarker real-time RT-PCR as a disease progression predictor. The dynamic assessment of serially obtained blood specimens represents a useful method for early metastasis detection and treatment response of melanoma patients.

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