Induction of Late-onset Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis by a Single Low-dose Irradiation in Thyroiditis-prone Non-obese Diabetic-H2h4 Mice

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  • NAGAYAMA Yuji
    Department of Medical Gene Technology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
  • ICHIKAWA Tatsuki
    Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
  • SAITOH Ohki
    Department of Medical Gene Technology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
  • ABIRU Norio
    Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences

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The previous data regarding the effect of irradiation on thyroid autoimmunity are controversial. We have recently reported the exacerbation of autoimmune thyroiditis by a single low dose (0.5 Gy) of whole body irradiation in thyroiditis-prone non-obese diabetic (NOD)-H2h4 mice treated with iodine for 8 weeks. However, it is uncertain in that report whether the results obtained by the provision of iodine in a relatively short period of time (8 weeks) accurately reflects the long-term consequences of low-dose irradiation on thyroid autoimmunity. Therefore, we repeated these experiments with mice that were monitored after irradiation without iodine treatment for up to 15 months. We found that a single low-dose (0.5 Gy) irradiation increased the incidence and severity of thyroiditis and the incidence and titers of anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies at 15 months of age. The numbers of splenocytes and percentages of various lymphocyte subsets were not affected by irradiation. Thus, we conclude that low-dose irradiation also exacerbates late-onset spontaneous thyroiditis in NOD-H2h4 mice; one plausible explanation for this may be the acceleration of immunological aging by irradiation.

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