Interaction of the Effects of Alcohol Drinking and Polymorphisms in Alcohol-Metabolizing Enzymes on the Risk of Female Breast Cancer in Japan
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- KAWASE Takakazu
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- MATSUO Keitaro
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- HIRAKI Akio
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- SUZUKI Takeshi
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- WATANABE Miki
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- IWATA Hiroji
- Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital
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- TANAKA Hideo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- TAJIMA Kazuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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Author(s)
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- KAWASE Takakazu
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- MATSUO Keitaro
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- HIRAKI Akio
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- SUZUKI Takeshi
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- WATANABE Miki
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- IWATA Hiroji
- Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital
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- TANAKA Hideo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
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- TAJIMA Kazuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
Abstract
<b>Background: </b>Epidemiological studies consistently indicate that alcoholic beverages are an independent risk factor for female breast cancer. Although the mechanism underlying this effect remains unknown, the predominant hypothesis implicates mutagenesis via the ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde, whose impact on the carcinogenesis of several types of cancer has been shown in both experimental models and molecular epidemiological studies. Many of the epidemiological studies have investigated genetic polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B) His48Arg and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) Glu504Lys, because of the strong impact these polymorphisms have on exposure to and accumulation of acetaldehyde. With regard to breast cancer, however, evidence is scarce.<BR><b>Methods: </b>To clarify the impact on female breast cancer risk of the interaction of the effects of alcohol consumption and polymorphisms in the alcohol-metabolizing enzymes <i>ADH1B</i> and <i>ALDH2</i>, we conducted a case–control study of 456 newly and histologically diagnosed breast cancer cases and 912 age- and menopausal status-matched noncancer controls. Gene–gene and gene–environment interactions between individual and combined <i>ADH1B</i> and <i>ALDH2</i> gene polymorphisms and alcohol consumption were evaluated.<BR><b>Results: </b>Despite sufficient statistical power, there was no significant impact of <i>ADH1B</i> and <i>ALDH2</i> on the risk of breast cancer. Neither was there any significant gene–environment interactions between alcohol drinking and polymorphisms in <i>ADH1B</i> and <i>ALDH2</i>.<BR><b>Conclusions: </b>Our findings do not support the hypothesis that acetaldehyde is the main contributor to the carcinogenesis of alcohol-induced breast cancer.
Journal
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- Journal of Epidemiology
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Journal of Epidemiology 19(5), 244-250, 2009-09-01
Japan Epidemiological Association
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