Identification of Chitin in the Prismatic Layer of the Shell and a Chitin Synthase Gene from the Japanese Pearl Oyster, Pinctada fucata

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  • SUZUKI Michio
    Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
  • SAKUDA Shohei
    Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
  • NAGASAWA Hiromichi
    Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo

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  • Identification of Chitin in the Prismatic Layer of the Shell and a Chitin Synthase Gene from the Japanese Pearl Oyster,<i>Pinctada fucata</i>
  • Identification of chitin in the prismatic layer of the shell and chitin synthase gene from the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata

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Abstract

The shell of the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata, consists of two layers, the prismatic layer on the outside and the nacreous layer on the inside, both of which comprise calcium carbonate and organic matrices. Previous studies indicate that the nacreous organic matrix of the central layer of the framework surrounding the aragonite tablet is β-chitin, but it remains unknown whether organic matrices in the prismatic layer contain chitin or not. In the present study, we identified chitin in the prismatic layer of the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata, with a combination of Calcofluor White staining with IR and NMR spectral analyses. Furthermore, we cloned a cDNA encoding chitin synthase (PfCHS1) that produces chitin, contributing to the formation of the framework for calcification in the shell.

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