浮遊性有孔虫の骨格の化学が示す環境シグナル [in Japanese] Environmental signals recorded in skeletal chemistry of planktonic foraminifers [in Japanese]
-
- 木元 克典 KIMOTO KATSUNORI
- 独立行政法人海洋研究開発機構 地球環境変動領域 Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)
Access this Article
Search this Article
Author(s)
-
- 木元 克典 KIMOTO KATSUNORI
- 独立行政法人海洋研究開発機構 地球環境変動領域 Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)
Abstract
現在,人類活動による大気中の二酸化炭素濃度の増加により,海洋表層の酸性化が懸念されている。 実際に北極海域では翼足類がつくる炭酸塩のアラゴナイトの飽和度がすでに化学的な安定領域を下回っていること(Yamamoto-Kawai et al.2009)や,また南大洋では現生浮遊性有孔虫の骨格の重量が軽くなっていることが指摘されており(Moy et al. 2009),石灰質骨格をもつプランクトンへの生態的打撃が懸念されている。一方で地質学的な時間のスケールで見ると,100万年前以降の太平洋における炭酸塩補償深度(CCD,炭酸塩が完全に溶解する水深)は,それぞれの氷期の時代により浅い水深へ上昇しており,またこの変動は約10万年周期をもって振動していることが明らかとなっている(Farrell&Preil 1989) 。これは海洋の炭酸系が地質時代を通して周期的に変動してきたことを物語っており,海洋の酸性化の歴史であるとも言える。これからの地球環境の急激な変化を知るうえで,過去の地球環境の歴史を知ることが必要なのはもはや明白である. これまで述べてきたように,有孔虫のCaCO3の骨絡中にはさまざまな元素や同位体が含まれており,それぞれの化学種を分析することによって,過去の海洋環境(物理・化学的情報)についての情報を直接・間接的に得ることが可能である。ここにあげた以外にも主要元素や微量・希土類元素などについて過去の海洋環境のプロキシーとなる核種が報告され,多くの研究者によって日々,検証作業がなされている。しかし,有孔虫の代謝に伴う同位体分別効果や,炭酸塩形成の際の微量元素の取り込み機構等の基礎的な事象については見解明なことが多い。現生の浮遊性有孔虫の生態研究と,環境制御下での飼育実験,そしてそれらが生息している現在の海祥の物想・化学観測を同時に実施し,比較をすることによって因果関係が明らかとなり,パレオプロキシーというツールの精度を向上させることができる。地味環境システムのさらなる理解,そして将来の地球環境予測に貢献するために,現在の観測に従事する者と古環境研究に従事する者が協力し合い,ともに邁進する努力が今こそ必要である。
Journal
-
- Bulletin of the Plankton Society of Japan
-
Bulletin of the Plankton Society of Japan 58(1), 65-73, 2011-02-26
日本プランクトン学会
References: 66
-
1
- Calibration of Mg/Ca thermometry in Planktonic foraminifera from a sediment trap time series
-
ANAND P.
Paleoceanog 18, 1050, 2003
Cited by (1)
-
2
- A 9 year time-series of planktonic foraminifer fluxes and environmental change in the Bering sea and the central subarctic Pacific Ocean, 1990-1999
-
ASAHI H.
Prog. Oceanog. 72, 343-363, 2007
Cited by (1)
-
3
- An ecological, zoogeographic and taxonomic review of recent planktonic foraminifera
-
BE A. W. H.
Oceanic Micropaleontology, 1-100, 1977
Cited by (1)
-
4
- Carbonate ion concentration in glacial-age deep waters of the Caribbean Sea
-
BROECKER W. S.
Geochem. Geophys. Geosys. 3, 2002
Cited by (1)
-
5
- Trace elements in seawater
-
BRULAND K. W.
Chemical Oceanography 8, 157-220, 1983
Cited by (1)
-
6
- Radiation of Cenozoic planktonic foraminifera
-
CIFELLI R.
Syst. Zool. 18, 154-168, 1969
Cited by (1)
-
7
- The measurement of oxygen isotope paleo-temperatures
-
CRAIG H.
Stable isotopes in oceano-graphic studies and paleotemperatures, 161-182, 1965
Cited by (1)
-
8
- Carbonate dissolution in the deep-sea : methods, quantification, and paleoceanographic application
-
DITTERT N.
Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography. Exampless from the South Atlantic, 255-287, 1999
Cited by (1)
-
9
- Global ocean circulation changes
-
DUPLESSY J. C.
Global Changes in the Perspective of the Past, 199-220, 1993
Cited by (1)
-
10
- Past temperature and δ^<18>O of surface ocean waters inferred from foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratios
-
ELDERFIELD H.
Nature 405, 442-445, 2000
Cited by (1)
-
11
- Climate change and CaCO_3 preservation : An 800,000 year bathymetric reconstruction from the central equatorial Pacific Ocean
-
FARRELL J. W.
Paleoceanog 4, 447-466, 1989
Cited by (1)
-
12
- The search for the origin of the planktic foraminifera
-
HART M. B.
J. Geol. Soc. London 160, 341-343, 2003
Cited by (1)
-
13
- <no title>
-
HEMLEBEN C.
Modern Planktonic Foraminifera, 1989
Cited by (1)
-
14
- Modern and Pleistocene boron isotope composition of the benthic foraminifer Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi
-
HONISCH B.
Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 272, 309-318, 2008
Cited by (1)
-
15
- A new micropaleontological method for quantitative paleoclimatology : Application to a Late Pleistocene Caribbean core
-
IMBRIE J.
The Late Cenozoic Glacial Ages, 71-181, 1971
Cited by (1)
-
16
- Shell fluxes of solution-resistant planktonic foraminifers as a proxy for mixed-layer depth
-
ITOU M.
Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 2002
Cited by (1)
-
17
- The living triserial planktic foraminifer Gallitellia vivans (Cushman) : Distribution, stable isotopes and paleoceanographic implications
-
KIMOTO K.
Mar. Micropaleont. 71, 71-79, 2009
Cited by (1)
-
18
- Experimental measurement of boron isotope fractionation in seawater
-
KLOCHKO K.
Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 248, 261-270, 2006
Cited by (1)
-
19
- Seasonal to interannual changes in planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in the northwestern North Pacific : Sediment trap results encompassing a warm period related to El Nino
-
KUROYANAGI A.
Palaeogeog. Palaeochimatol. Palaeoecol. 262, 107-127, 2008
Cited by (1)
-
20
- Trace element in foraminiferal calcite
-
LEA D. W.
Modern Foraminifera, 259-277, 1999
Cited by (1)
-
21
- The ^<44>Ca-temperature calibration on fossil and cultured Globigerinoides saculifer : New tool for reconstruction of past sea surface temperatures
-
NAGLAR T. F.
Geochem. Geophys. Geosys. 1, 1052, 2000
Cited by (1)
-
22
- The accuracy of δ^<11>B measurements of foraminifers
-
NI Y.
Chem. Geol. 274, 187-195, 2010
Cited by (1)
-
23
- Oxygen isotope values of planktic foraminifera : A tool for the reconstruction of surface water stratification
-
NIEBLER H. S.
Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography-Examples from the South Atlantic-, 165-189, 1999
Cited by (1)
-
24
- Magnesium in tests of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral from high northern and southern latitudes
-
NURNBERG D.
J. Foram. Res. 25, 350-368, 1995
Cited by (1)
-
25
- 深海底堆積物中の炭酸塩溶解量の測定
-
大場忠道
化石 27, 1-14, 1977
Cited by (1)
-
26
- Seasonal distribution of planktic foraminifers in the East Sea (Sea of Japan), a large marginal sea of the northwest Pacific
-
PARK B. K.
J. Foram. Res. 28, 321-326, 1998
Cited by (1)
-
27
- Evidence for El Nino-like conditions during the Pliocene
-
RAVELO A. C.
GSA Today 16, 2006
Cited by (1)
-
28
- Accurate estimation of sea surface temperature using dissolution corrected calibrations for Mg/Ca paleothermometry
-
ROSENTHAL Y.
Paleoceanog 17, 1044, 2002
Cited by (1)
-
29
- The oxygen isotopic composition of seawater during the Last Glacial Maximum
-
SCHRAG D. P.
Quat. Sci. Rev. 21, 331-342, 2002
Cited by (1)
-
30
- Feeding behavior of some planktonic foraminifers in laboratory cultures
-
SPINDLER M.
J. Foram. Res. 14, 237-249, 1984
Cited by (1)
-
31
- Radiocarbon based carbon source quantification of anomalous isotopic foraminifera in last glacial sediments in the western North Pacific
-
UCHIDA M.
Geochem. Geophys. Geosys. 9, 2008
Cited by (1)
-
32
- Molecular evidence for an independent origin of modern triserial planktonic foraminifera from benthic ancestors
-
UJIIE Y.
Marine Micropaleont. 69, 334-340, 2008
Cited by (1)
-
33
- Vertical distribution of planktonic foraminifers in Kuroshio area of NW Pacific and its paleoceanographic implications
-
XU X.
Quat. Sci. 6, 502-510, 1999
Cited by (1)
-
34
- Western Equatorial Pacific planktic foraminiferal fluxes and assemblages during a La Nina year (1999)
-
YAMASAKI M.
Mar. Micropaleont. 66, 304-319, 2008
Cited by (1)
-
35
- Fundamental studies on the ion-exchange separation of boron isotopes.
-
Kakihana Hidetake , Kotaka Masahiro , Satoh Shohei , Nomura Masao , Okamoto Makoto
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 50(1), 158-163, 1977
J-STAGE Cited by (11)
-
36
- Precised planktic foraminiferal Mg/Ca paleothermometry for reconstructing paleoclimate in the Northwestern Pacific(Progress in micropaleontology and paleoceanography as the late Cenozoic environmental tracers) [in Japanese]
-
Kimoto Katsunori
Fossils 86(0), 20-33, 2009
J-STAGE References (76) Cited by (1)
-
37
- Living planktonic foraminiferal fauna from the Japan Trench off Boso Peninsula [in Japanese]
-
Oba Tadamichi , Hattori Tatsuya
Fossils 52(0), 12-19, 1992
J-STAGE Cited by (3)
-
38
- Mg/Ca thermometry of planktonic foraminifera and application to paleoceanography [in Japanese]
-
Sagawa Takuya
The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 116(2), 63-84, 2010
J-STAGE Cited by (1)
-
39
- Seasonal changes of the vertical distribution of living planktic foraminifera at the main axis of the Kuroshio off Honshu, Japan [in Japanese]
-
Tsuchihashi Masaya , Oda Motoyoshi
Fossils 70(0), 1-17, 2001
J-STAGE References (13) Cited by (2)
-
40
- Seasonal variation in living planktic foraminiferal assemblage in the northeastern part of the East China Sea [in Japanese]
-
Yamasaki Makoto , Murakami Takayuki , Tsuchihashi Masaya , Oda Motoyoshi
Fossils 87(0), 35-46, 2010
J-STAGE References (57) Cited by (1)
-
41
- Reevaluation of the oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera : Experimental results and revised paleotemperature equations
-
BEMIS B. E.
Paleoceanography 13, 150-160, 1998
Cited by (3)
-
42
- Cadmium : chemical tracer of deep-water paleoceanography.
-
BOYLE E. A.
Paleoceanography 3, 471-489, 1988
DOI Cited by (11)
-
43
- Evidence for a reduction in the carbonate ion content of the deep sea during the course of the Holocene
-
BROECKER W. S.
Paleoceanog 14, 744-752, 1999
Cited by (1)
-
44
- The surface of the ice age Earth
-
CLIMAP
Science 191, 1131-1137, 1976
DOI Cited by (22)
-
45
- Stable sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific warm pool over the past 1.75 million years
-
DE GARIDEL-THORON T.
Nature 433, 294-298, 2005
Cited by (2)
-
46
- Seasonal variations in planktonic foraminifera at three sediment traps in the Subarctic, Transition and subtropical zones of the central North Pacific Ocean
-
EGUCHI N. O.
Mar. Micropaleont. 48, 149-163, 2003
DOI Cited by (2)
-
47
- Experimental paleotemperature equation for planktonic foraminifera
-
EREZ J.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 47, 1025-1031, 1983
Cited by (3)
-
48
- Boron isotopic composition and concentration in modern marine carbonates
-
HEMMING N. G.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56, 537-543, 1992
DOI Cited by (6)
-
49
- Seasonal change in foraminiferal production in the western equatorial Pacific warm pool : evidence from sediment trap experiments
-
KAWAHATA H.
Deep-Sea Research, II 49, 2783-2800, 2002
DOI Cited by (2)
-
50
- Seasonal changes in planktonic foraminifera in the northwestern north Pacific Ocean : sediment trap experiments from subarctic and subtropical gyres
-
KUROYANAGI A.
Deep-Sea Research, II 49, 5627-5645, 2002
DOI Cited by (3)
-
51
- Vertical distribution of living planktonic foraminifera in the seas around Japan
-
KUROYANAGI A.
Marine Micropaleontology 53, 173-196, 2004
DOI Cited by (3)
-
52
- Barium content of benthic foraminifera controlled by bottom water composition
-
LEA D. W.
Nature 338, 751-753, 1989
Cited by (1)
-
53
- Experimental determination of cadmium uptake in shells of the planktonic foraminifera Orbulina universa and Globigerina bulloides : Implications for surface water paleoreconstructions
-
MASHIOTTA T. A.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61, 4053-4065, 1997
DOI Cited by (2)
-
54
- Regional and interannual productivity of biogenic components and planktonic foraminiferal fluxes in the northwestern Pacific Basin
-
MOHIUDDIN M. M.
Mar. Micropaleont. 45, 57-82, 2002
DOI Cited by (3)
-
55
- Reduced calcification in modern Southern Ocean planktonic foraminifera
-
MOY A. D.
Nature Geoscience 2, 276-280, 2009
Cited by (1)
-
56
- Sediment trap results from the Japan Trench in the Kuroshio domain : seasonal variations in the planktic foraminiferal flux
-
ODA M.
Journal of Foraminiferal Research 35, 315-326, 2005
DOI Cited by (3)
-
57
- Middle Eocene seawater pH and atmospheric carbon dioxide
-
PEARSON P. N.
Science 284, 1824-1826, 1999
DOI Cited by (2)
-
58
- Evidence for a higher pH in the galacial ocean from boron isotopes in foraminifera
-
SANYAL A.
Nature 373, 234-236, 1995
DOI Cited by (5)
-
59
- Seawater pH control on the boron isotopic composition of calcite : evidence from inorganic calcite precipitation experiments
-
SANYAL A.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 64, 1551-1555, 2000
Cited by (1)
-
60
- Carbon isotope data in core V 19-30 confirm reduced carbon dioxide concentration in the ice age atmosphere
-
SHACKLETON N. J.
Nature 306, 319-322, 1983
Cited by (2)
-
61
- Planktonic foraminifera : factors controlling sinking speeds
-
TAKAHASHI K.
Deep-Sea Res. 31, 1477-1500, 1984
DOI Cited by (2)
-
62
- Isotope paleontology : Growth and composition of extant calcareous species.
-
WEFER G
Mar. Geol. 100, 207-248, 1991
Cited by (7)
-
63
- Comparison of seasonal flux variations of planktonic foraminifera in sediment traps on both sides of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan
-
XU X.
Marine Micropaleontology 58, 45-55, 2005
DOI Cited by (3)
-
64
- Aragonite undersaturation in the Arctic Ocean : Effects of ocean acidification and sea ice melt
-
YAMAMOTO-KAWAI M
Science 326, 1098-1100, 2009
Cited by (4)
-
65
- Sedimentation of planktonic foraminifera in the East China Sea : evidence from a sediment trap experiment
-
YAMASAKI M.
Marine Micropaleontology 49, 3-20, 2003
DOI Cited by (3)
-
66
- A Transient Rise in Tropical Sea Surface Temperature during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum
-
ZACHOS J. C.
Science 302, 1551-1554, 2003
Cited by (5)