Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in Relation to Cover Cropping

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  • カバークロップの利用と土壌窒素動態
  • カバークロップ ノ リヨウ ト ドジョウ チッソ ドウタイ

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Abstract

Winter cover crops can conserve soil residual nitrogen to prevent nitrogen leaching after summer crop harvest, and increase soil organic matter. However, grass and legume cover crops may have different abilities to conserve soil residual nitrogen. Field research was conducted for 2 year to investigate dry matter (DM) and nitrogen accumulation of crimson clover and rye cover crops at two soil nitrogen level in the relation to soil inorganic nitrogen distribution. The main results are as follows.<br>1) DM accumulation of rye was significantly higher than that of crimson clover and fallow (weeds) from Dec. to April. During the study period, the average DM of rye in April was 148.4% and 440.4% higher than that of crimson clover and fallow, respectively.<br>2) Cover crop nitrogen accumulation was associated with DM accumulation during their respective growing seasons. Cover crop nitrogen accumulation in April was the highest in rye (120.3kg ha-1), followed by crimson clover (69.2kg ha-1), and fallow (39.9kg ha-1).<br>3) Decrease of soil inorganic nitrogen was significant associated with cover crop DM and nitrogen accumulation in December, March and April.<br>4) This study showed that rye planted as a cover crop in fall can successfully prevent N leaching that is a potential source of groundwater contaminate. However, additional research would be needed to evaluate crimson clover can prevent N leaching.

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