The Great East Japan Earthquake and Asbestos Emission Prevention

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  • 東日本大震災とアスベスト対策
  • ヒガシニホン ダイシンサイ ト アスベスト タイサク

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Abstract

Extensive damage took place as a result of the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 1, 2011. In wake of the earthquake, enormous amounts of tsunami debris were left behind and a great portion of this disaster waste had to be removed without using separation strategies. In this paper, the authors report on the current status of this situation and present future tasks relating to asbestos emission prevention in the disaster stricken area, throughout our contribution to the development of Disaster Waste Separation and Disposal Strategy Manual and our field survey. This Manual addresses the importance of removing and separating asbestos from the general disaster waste load, at least to the extent possible. The Manual addresses other types of emissions and how to prevent exposure to asbestos as well. From the limited surveys conducted, it was found that spray-on asbestos was less of a problem ; large amounts of broken asbestos board could be identified but in many cases it is difficult to recognize that asbestos is contained within. Prompt qualitative analysis with Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM) proved to be very useful for on-site asbestos identification. Official approval of this method is being advised, at least for emergency cases. With regard to the demolition of buildings, further emission prevention of asbestos along with a combination of prompt analysis and mapping may be promising techniques for prior surveying of the demolition area.

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