小児のムンプス難聴の臨床的検討

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  • Clinical study of mumps deafness in children

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  This study comprised 49 children with mumps deafness who came to our clinic at Iwate Medical University over the past 29 years. Of 49 cases, 37 were positively diagnosed with mumps deafness according to the criteria of the Acute Profound Deafness Committee (1987). These 37 cases were evaluated by sex, biaurality, age of onset, interval from parotid gland swelling to onset of hearing loss, vestibular symptoms, initial audiogram, treatment, and post-treatment audiogram. Twenty cases were male and 17 cases were female. Among them, 35 cases (95%) were unilateral and 2 cases (5%) were bilateral. The onset of hearing loss ranged from one day before parotid swelling to 16 days later, with the average being 6.6 days. Thirty two of 37 cases had severe or total hearing loss at the initial audiogram. In spite of treatment, no improvement was shown in their hearing except in one case. The number of patients with mumps deafness increased during mumps epidemics. The prognosis of mumps deafness is poor, as shown in our investigation. Vaccination is useful to prevent mumps deafness. Therefore, these results would seem to indicate that mumps deafness is preventable by routine, not optional, vaccination. It is very important to regularize vaccination against mumps, cooperate with pediatricians, and improve the quality of the mumps vaccine.

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