Self-Reported Snoring Frequency and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS)

  • Nagayoshi Mako
    Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion
  • Tanigawa Takeshi
    Department of Public Health, Doctoral Program in Social Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Public Health, Doctoral Program in Social Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Yamagishi Kazumasa
    Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion Department of Public Health Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion Department of Public Health Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba
  • Sakurai Susumu
    Department of Public Health, Doctoral Program in Social Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Public Health, Doctoral Program in Social Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Kitamura Akihiko
    Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion
  • Kiyama Masahiko
    Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion
  • Okada Takeo
    Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion
  • Maeda Kenji
    Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion
  • Ohira Tetsuya
    Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion
  • Imano Hironori
    Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion
  • Sato Shinichi
    Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health
  • Iso Hiroyasu
    Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University

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Background: Although associations between snoring and cardiovascular disease have been reported in several prospective studies, there is limited evidence from Asian populations. The objective of this study was to determine if there is an association between self-reported snoring frequency and the incidence of cardiovascular disease in Japanese.<BR>Methods: The subjects were 2350 men and 4163 women aged 40 to 69 years who lived in 3 communities in Japan. All subjects were participants in the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS) and were followed for 6 years. Incidence of cardiovascular disease during the follow-up period comprised events of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, sudden cardiac death and stroke.<BR>Results: During the 6-year follow-up period, 97 participants (56 men and 41 women) had cardiovascular events. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, self-reported snoring frequency was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events among women but not men. The hazard ratios (95% CI) for cardiovascular events were 0.9 (0.4–2.0) for sometimes snoring and 2.5 (1.0–6.1) for everyday snoring in women and 0.7 (0.3–1.3) and 1.0 (0.5–2.1), respectively, in men. Further adjustment for body mass index attenuated the association in women; the respective hazard ratios for cardiovascular events were 0.9 (0.4–1.9) and 2.1 (0.9–5.4).<BR>Conclusions: Self-reported habitual snoring was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events among Japanese women. Overweight may partly mediate this association.

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