Irregular Folding of Human Genome DNA in the Cells

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  • MAESHIMA Kazuhiro
    Structural Biology Center, National Institute of Genetics Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, Sokendai
  • JOTI Yasumasa
    JASRI
  • NISHINO Yoshinori
    Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University
  • TAKATA Hideaki
    Structural Biology Center, National Institute of Genetics Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University
  • KAMADA Fukumi
    Structural Biology Center, National Institute of Genetics
  • HIHARA Saera
    Structural Biology Center, National Institute of Genetics Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, Sokendai

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Other Title
  • ヒトゲノムDNAの不規則で柔軟な収納原理
  • ヒトゲノム DNA ノ フキソク デ ジュウナン ナ シュウノウ ゲンリ

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Abstract

How is 2-m-long genomic DNA organized into a mitotic chromosome or nucleus? The nucleosome fiber has long been assumed to be folded into a 30-nm chromatin fiber, and further helically folded larger fiber. However, when we observed frozen hydrated human mitotic cells using cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM), no higher-order structures including 30-nm chromatin fibers were found. To further investigate the bulk structure of mitotic chromosomes, we performed small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) at SPring-8. No structural feature larger than 11 nm was detected, even on a chromosome-diameter scale (~1 μm). We also found a similar scattering pattern in interphase nuclei of HeLa cells in the range up to ~275 nm. Our findings suggest a common structural feature in interphase and mitotic chromatins: compact and irregular folding of nucleosome fibers occurs without a 30-nm chromatin structure.<br>

Journal

  • Seibutsu Butsuri

    Seibutsu Butsuri 53 (1), 004-010, 2013

    The Biophysical Society of Japan General Incorporated Association

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