A Minimal Implementation of the AMBER-PAICS Interface for Ab Initio FMO-QM/MM-MD Simulation

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Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>For the purpose of providing a realistic description of the reaction mechanisms in large molecular systems, we propose a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) method combined with the ab initio fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method, i.e., the ab initio FMO-QM/MM method. By connecting a molecular dynamics (MD) program AMBER with an FMO program PAICS, we have implemented an AMBER-PAICS interface (AP-IF). Using the AP-IF, we demonstrate three example applications: (a) a hydrogen fluoride and water molecular clusters, (b) an alanine dipeptide in aqueous solution, and (c) a prion protein–GN8 complex. From these results, it is confirmed that the FMO-QM/MM method offers a good compromise between chemical accuracy and computational cost and enables us to obtain in ab initio quality the inter- and intramolecular interaction energies between molecules or residues in large molecular systems such as solution and biomolecule, by using the dynamics-based interfragment interaction energy (IFIE) analysis.</jats:p>

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