Bibliographic survey of the clinical application of magnetoencephalography (II): stroke

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  • 脳磁図の臨床応用に関する文献レビュー (第2報) : 虚血性脳血管障害
  • ノウジズ ノ リンショウ オウヨウ ニ カンスル ブンケン レビュー(ダイ2ホウ)キョケツセイ ノウ ケッカン ショウガイ

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Abstract

Measuring local cerebral blood flow and metabolism by various mapping methods such as positron emission tomography or perfusion computed tomography helps us to evaluate detailed functions of brain areas containing a focal ischemic lesion, but does not necessarily represent neural activities of the areas. Scalp electroencephalography (EEG), reflecting volume-conducted neural activities, demonstrates that slow wave activity is dominant in an acute ischemic cerebral region; but, this technique presents major problems with the lack of objective indices for brain functions and low spatial resolution. Magnetoencephalography (MEG), an important new method in neuroscience to directly detect neural activities with high spatial resolution, has been applied in stroke patients. However, the usefulness of MEG for assessing neural activities in an ischemic brain area has not been fully established as yet. The present study reviewed MEG studies of cerebral stroke using internet searches of the bibliography to identify scientific evidence for the clinical effectiveness of MEG. We searched for stroke-related manuscripts published before July 2010 on MEDLINE using the keywords (stroke OR cerebral ischemia) AND (MEG OR magnetoencephalography), and retrieved 58 papers. We narrowed the search to 25 papers based on the levels of evidence and abstract contents. Then, we selected 12 papers with evidence level higher than 2 to assess the clinical utility of MEG. Most papers stressed the clinical usefulness of MEG, but a few claimed the superiority of MEG compared to EEG for the diagnosis or treatment indication for ischemic conditions. Therefore, more objective analysis of MEG findings in ischemic conditions is needed for future development.

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