Association of Serum Carotenoid Levels With N-Terminal Pro-Brain-Type Natriuretic Peptide: A Cross-Sectional Study in Japan

  • Suzuki Koji
    Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
  • Ishii Junichi
    Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
  • Kitagawa Fumihiko
    Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital
  • Kuno Atsuhiro
    Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital
  • Kusuhara Yasuhiro
    Department of Medical Zoology, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
  • Ochiai Junichi
    Department of Medical Electronics, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
  • Ichino Naohiro
    Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
  • Osakabe Keisuke
    Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
  • Sugimoto Keiko
    Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
  • Yamada Hiroya
    Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
  • Ito Yoshinori
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Hamajima Nobuyuki
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Inoue Takashi
    Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences

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Background: Several epidemiologic studies have reported an inverse association between serum levels of carotenoids and cardiovascular disease risk. However, no studies have reported an association between serum carotenoids and N-terminal pro-brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in the general population.<BR>Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated whether serum carotenoids were associated with serum NT-proBNP in 1056 Japanese subjects (390 men, 666 women) who attended a health examination. Serum levels of carotenoids were separately determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Serum NT-proBNP level was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.<BR>Results: Serum NT-proBNP was elevated (≥55 pg/ml) in 31.8% of men and 48.2% of women. Multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusted for confounding factors showed a significant association between the highest quartile of serum α-carotene and elevated NT-proBNP in men (odds ratio [OR] = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.19–0.82, P for trend = 0.005) and women (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.39–0.99, P for trend = 0.047). In women, moreover, elevated serum NT-proBNP was significantly associated with serum canthaxanthin (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.36–0.90 for highest quartile, P for trend = 0.026) and β-cryptoxanthin (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.32–0.85 for highest quartile, P for trend = 0.026), after adjusting for potential confounders.<BR>Conclusions: Higher levels of serum carotenoids were associated with lower risk of elevated serum NT-proBNP levels after adjusting for possible confounders, which suggests that a diet rich in carotenoids could help prevent cardiac overload in the Japanese population.

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