The Evaluation of Immunohistochemical Markers and Thymic Cortical Microenvironmental Cells in Distinguishing Thymic Carcinoma from Type B3 Thymoma or Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Hayashi Atsushi
    Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Science, Okayama University Department of Pathology, Okayama Red Cross Hospital
  • Fumon Takumi
    Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Science, Okayama University
  • Miki Yukari
    Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Science, Okayama University Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Science
  • Sato Hiaki
    Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Science, Okayama University
  • Yoshino Tadashi
    Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
  • Takahashi Kiyoshi
    Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Science, Okayama University

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Thymic carcinoma (TC) is often very difficult to distinguish from type B3 thymoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma (L-SCC) involving the anterior mediastinum. The present study evaluated the usefulness of immunohistochemical markers including c-Kit, CD5, glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), claudin-1 (CLDN-1), thymoproteasome β5t, p53 and Ki-67 (MIB-1) and thymic cortical environmental marker cells, cortical thymocytes (c-Thy) and thymic cortical dendritic macrophages (TCDMs) in distinguishing thymic carcinoma (TC) from type B3 thymoma or lung squamous cell carcinoma (L-SCC) using 17 cases of type B3 thymoma, 18 cases of TC and 12 cases of L-SCC. The results indicated that c-Kit and CD5 are very useful markers for TC, while GLUT-1, CLDN-1, p53 and Ki-67 are not. Thymic cortical microenvironmental marker cells, especially TCDMs, and thymic cortical epithelial cell-marker β5t are also useful for distinguishing TC from type B3 thymoma. Although none of these markers are adequate for making a distinction when used alone, the plural use of c-Kit, CD5, β5t thymic cortical environmental marker cells, c-Thys and TCDMs may therefore lead to a correct distinction between TC and type B3 thymoma or L-SCC. [J Clin Exp Hematop 53(1) : 9-19, 2013]

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