Epidemiology of Esophageal Cancer in Japan and China

DOI Web Site PubMed 被引用文献13件 参考文献121件
  • Lin Yingsong
    Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine
  • Totsuka Yukari
    Division of Cancer Development System, National Cancer Center Research Institute
  • He Yutong
    The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Cancer Institute
  • Kikuchi Shogo
    Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine
  • Qiao Youlin
    Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
  • Ueda Junko
    Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine
  • Wei Wenqiang
    Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
  • Inoue Manami
    Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center Research Institute AXA Department of Health and Human Security, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
  • Tanaka Hideo
    Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute

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In preparation for a collaborative multidisciplinary study of the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer, the authors reviewed the published literature to identify similarities and differences between Japan and China in esophageal cancer epidemiology. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant histologic type, while the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma remains extremely low in both countries. Numerous epidemiologic studies in both countries show that alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking are contributing risk factors for ESCC. There are differences, however, in many aspects of esophageal cancer between Japan and China, including cancer burden, patterns of incidence and mortality, sex ratio of mortality, risk factor profiles, and genetic variants. Overall incidence and mortality rates are higher in China than in Japan, and variation in mortality and incidence patterns is greater in China than in Japan. During the study period (1987–2000), the decline in age-adjusted mortality rates was more apparent in China than in Japan. Risk factor profiles differed between high- and low-incidence areas within China, but not in Japan. The association of smoking and drinking with ESCC risk appears to be weaker in China than in Japan. Genome-wide association studies in China showed that variants in several chromosome regions conferred increased risk, but only genetic variants in alcohol-metabolizing genes were significantly associated with ESCC risk in Japan. A well-designed multidisciplinary epidemiologic study is needed to examine the role of diet and eating habits in ESCC risk.

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