医学教育における効果的な教授法と意義ある学習方法(2) [in Japanese] Methods for Effective Teaching and Meaningful Learning in Medical Education II [in Japanese]
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- 菊川 誠 KIKUKAWA Makoto
- 九州大学大学院医学研究院医学教育学部門 Department of Medical Education, Kyusyu University
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- 西城 卓也 SAIKI Takuya
- 岐阜大学医学教育開発研究センター Medical Education Development Center, Gifu University
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Author(s)
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- 菊川 誠 KIKUKAWA Makoto
- 九州大学大学院医学研究院医学教育学部門 Department of Medical Education, Kyusyu University
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- 西城 卓也 SAIKI Takuya
- 岐阜大学医学教育開発研究センター Medical Education Development Center, Gifu University
Abstract
●代表的な学習方略について事例を添えて概説する．<br>●講義は，大人数を対象にする場合，多くの情報を系統だって提供できる利点がある．<br>●問題基盤型学習とは，能動的小グループ学習による現象の提示（シナリオ）を学習のきっかけとする学習方略である．<br>●早期臨床体験実習は，医学部入学後，比較的早期に現場を体験させる実習である．<br>●医療安全の観点からシミュレーション教育の重要性が増してきている．<br>●参加型臨床実習と卒後臨床実習は，認知的徒弟制と正統的周辺参加論を理論的背景にしている．<br>●継続的専門能力開発を考える上で，省察的実践家という概念が有用である．
We describe popular learning methods in current medical education along with their bases in educational theory. Lectures have the advantage that teachers can provide students with a large amount of organized information. Problem-based learning is an active learning method using small-group discussions to motivate learning. Early clinical exposure is based on the theory of experiential learning. Simulation education has become more important from the point of view of patient safety. Participatory undergraduate clinical training and postgraduate clinical training should be understood as being based on the theories of cognitive apprenticeship and peripheral participation. Considering life-long learning, the reflective practitioner is a useful concept.
Journal
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- Igaku Kyoiku / Medical Education (Japan)
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Igaku Kyoiku / Medical Education (Japan) 44(4), 243-252, 2013-08-25
Japan Society for Medical Education
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