福祉国家と個人化

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  • Welfare State and Individualization
  • フクシ コッカ ト コジンカ

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We can observe the process of individualization in today's Japanese society. What kind of characteristics does it have? What kind of influences does it exert upon social policies? How should the welfare state change under such circumstances?<BR>We can distinguish the four aspects of individualization : family, work, community, and lifestyle. Under these processes people can become independent of their groups, but they may be socially excluded by losing their protections. And people have behaved individualistically in their consumption.<BR>These changes have given rise to new problems to Keynesian welfare state. Individualization of the family requires the de-gendering of social policies. That of work needs labour flexibility. That of community life results in the change of interface between local governments and local communities. Individualization of lifestyle needs the flexibility in consumption.<BR>The post-Keynesian Welfare State in the 21st century should solve these problems.

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