戦後北海道の地域社会変動

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  • The Change of the Local Communities in Postwar Hokkaido
  • センゴ ホッカイドウ ノ チイキ シャカイ ヘンドウ

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The local communities in postwar Hokkaido have been changed by the national agriculture policies, the national policies of the regional exploitation and people's strong orientation to city life. The national agriculture policies abandoned many farms and disorganized many rural communities. Besides, as the national policies of the regional exploitation could not replace an agriculture with other industry, the economic foundation of those communities weakened. Young people's strong orientation to city life made up a pattern of a population movement to the large urban areas.<BR>As the result, the population in Hokkaido was concentrated to Sapporo City and Sapporo area with reorganization of economic fundamental structure, while the population in many municipalities decreased. Especially, young people and persons whose school career were high were apt to concentrate to Sapporo City and Sapporo area. At present, 42.9% of all municipalities in Hokkaido became the smallest population since first Population Census of Japan in 1920. 30.9% of the population in Hokkaido and 45.4% of persons who graduated the higher education concentrated to Sapporo City. Moreover, the levels of productive power (or income) fell in almost municipalities, including Sapporo City. Therefore, the overpopulated cities and the underpopulated municipalities became to have many serious tasks commonly.<BR>Consequently, it is necessary to change the national agriculture policies and the national policies of the regional exploitation, and to bring up and support the persons who will reconstruct local community.

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