明治後期の和語系・漢語系オノマトペ

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  • メイジ コウキ ノ ワゴケイ カンゴケイ オノマトペ

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Abstract

明治後期の小説二〇作品を対象に、和語系・漢語系オノマトペの使用状況を調査し、前期からの流れを考慮しながら両者の関係を具体的に考察した。後期になると和語系オノマトペの割合が増え、漢語・漢字を宛てずに単独で使われるようになったことから、俗語である和語系オノマトペが小説の言葉として抵抗感なく取り入れられるようになったことが窺われた。また、漢語系のオノマトペとしての意識について、和語系に漢語系を対応させる宛て字の面から、特に多く見られたそれぞれのオノマトペの型を中心に考えた。和語系に宛て字されていた漢語系は、和語系が独立すると、一般語彙として「オノマトペ」性を失ったが、音構成が和語系のものと同じ「－々」型は、限られた文脈で多用されたものが音のイメージを連想させるようになり、「オノマトペ」として捉えられるようになると思われる。

This paper attempts to discuss how onomatopoeias originated from Japanese are related with those from Chinese in the second half of the Meiji era. For this purpose twenty stories were investigated in the study. In the second half of the Meiji era, a large proportion of onomatopoeias became Japanese origin, and they were used independently without the assistance of substitute character. It means that Japanese originated ones were used more positively even in the novels, although they were considered as slung in those days. Regarding the Chinese originated onomatopoeias, it is neccessary to examine the relations with kana written at the right side of kanji which was those of Japanese-origin, and the main types of onomatopoeias. The onomatopoeias of Chinese origin which were used as substitute character for those of Japanese origin, came to lose the features as onomatopoeias. But one type, which was the same sound type of Japanese origin, obtained the sound image and was possibly recognized as onomatopoeias.

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