肥効調節型被覆尿素を用いた水稲の全量基肥不耕起直播栽培

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  • Single Basal Application of Total Nitrogen Fertilizer with Controlled-Release Coated Urea on Non-tilled Rice Culture.
  • ヒコウ チョウセツガタ ヒフク ニョウソ オ モチイタ スイトウ ノ ゼンリョ

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Single application of total nitrogen fertilizer with controlled-release coated urea on non-tilled rice culture (LP-plot) was compared with a conventional application method using easily released nitrogen fertilizer, ammonium sulfate (AS), for both basal and top-dressing (AS-plot). The results obtained were as follows. 1) The growth of rice on LP-plot was relatively inferior to that on AS-plot in the young seedling stage, but superior in plant height, leaf color, number of tiller and dry weight after the beginning of June. 2) A drastic reduction of soil mineral nitrogen due to denitrification occurred in AS-plot just after submerging, and severe nitrogen deficiency of rice, chlorosis, lasted until the top-dressing stage, whereas rice on LP-plot showed normal growth at all times. 3) Brown rice yields of LP-plot in 1990 with a hot summer and in 1991 with a cool summer were 57.1kg/a or 155% of AS-plot and 51.2kg/a or 133% of AS-plot, respectively. The drastic reduction in grain yield of AS-plot seems to be related to decrease of numbers of ears reflecting nitrogen deficiency of plant at the vegetative growth stage. 4) Amounts of nitrogen uptake of rice plants on LP-plot were somewhat inferior to that on AS-plot in the early growth period, but were extremely superior after the active-tillering stage and reached 1.57times of that on AS-plot at the maturing stage. Recoveries of controlled-release coated urea for basal application, AS for basal application, AS applied at panicle formation stage and AS applied at full heading time were 63.2%, 8.5%, 52.8%, and 41.5%, respectively. 5) From the foregoing, we conclude that a single basal application of total nitrogen fertilizer on a non-tilled rice culture is highly effective using controlled-release coated urea.

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