脳機能局在 Functional Localization of the Cerebrum

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著者

    • 後藤 昇 GOTO Noboru
    • 昭和大学医学部第二解剖学講座 Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine
    • 後藤 潤 GOTO Jun
    • 昭和大学医学部第二解剖学講座 Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine

抄録

The functional localization of the cerebrum is described from the anatomical point of view. In the central nervous system, neurons or nerve fibers with the same function gather to form gray matters or nerve fiber bundles. This article briefly describes and discusses about morphology of the telencephalon, structures of the cerebral cortex and functional localization of the cerebral cortex. On the surface of the telencephalon, there are many sulci and gyri.Several sulci such as the central,lateral,parietooccipital, etc. subdivide the pallium into five lobes:frontale, parietal, occipital, temporal and insular The insula is covered by the operculi frontale, frontoparietale et temporale. Under the microscopic observation of cerebral corteces, they consist of six cortical layers which vary from part to part.Since Brodmann (1909) divided the cortical areas into 52, we can explain cerebral areas properly for example, Brodmanns cytoarchitectonic areas 4, 3-1-2, 17, 41, 44, etc. Regarding cerebral functional localizations, Broca (1861) proposed first a theory of cerebral functional localization on motor speech after examining a patient with motor aphasia.Penfield and Rasmussen (1950) published a monograph entitled "The cerebral cortex of man:A clinical study of localization of function". They studied cerebral functions at various parts using many patients with brain damages prior to surgical treatments. Their study have covered sensorimotor representation of the body,head and eye movement, representation of autonomic system, vocalization and arrest of speech, secondary sensory and motor representation, vision, hearing and equilibration,memory, sensory perception, etc. This review article plays up several important points of past researches on human beings.

収録刊行物

  • リハビリテーション医学 : 日本リハビリテーション医学会誌

    リハビリテーション医学 : 日本リハビリテーション医学会誌 38(4), 296-302, 2001-04-18

    社団法人日本リハビリテーション医学会

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各種コード

  • NII論文ID(NAID)
    110001847480
  • NII書誌ID(NCID)
    AN00250275
  • 本文言語コード
    JPN
  • 資料種別
    REV
  • ISSN
    0034351X
  • NDL 記事登録ID
    5800665
  • NDL 雑誌分類
    ZS35(科学技術--医学--外科学・整形外科学・麻酔学)
  • NDL 請求記号
    Z19-283
  • データ提供元
    CJP書誌  CJP引用  NDL  NII-ELS 
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