Radioprotective effects of adrenochrome monoaminoguanidine methanesulfonate (AMM) on irradiated C57BL mice and the survival of GM-CFC, a hematopoietic progenitor cell.

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Intraperitoneal administration of adrenochrome monoaminoguanidine methanesulfonate (AMM) enhanced recovery from radiation-induced leukopenia. The effects of AMM administered in vivo and in vitro on survival of GM-CFC, a committed progenitor cell, were examined using an in vitro colony formation method. The survival was increased when AMM was administered intraperitoneally to C57BL mice 30 min before irradiation and when bone marrow which included GM-CFC was isolated 4 h after irradiation to examine in vitro colony formation. On the other hand, incubation of isolated bone marrow cells with AMM from 30 min before and to 4 h after X-irradiation had no effect on the survival. These results suggest that some processes may be required to function in mice for AMM to have effect. When the serum prepared from rabbits which had been injected with AMM 4 h before irradiation was added to isolated bone marrow cells, the survival of GM-CFC was increased with each dose of irradiation. The activity was not lost after dialysis of the serum. It is concluded from these observations that some substances in the serum which enhance survival of GM-CFC may be induced or activated by intraperitoneal administration of AMM, thereby accelerating recovery from radiation-induced leukopenia.

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