Analysis of High Volcanic Gas Concentrations at the Foot of Miyakejima Volcano, Japan :

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Continuous measurement data of sulfur dioxide (SO_2) in 2001 at the foot of Miyakejima volcano is discussed in conjunction with upper wind data at Hachijyojima, NOAA/AVHRR satellite imagery, and ground observation of volcanic plumes from Mikurajima Island. The following results were obtained : (i) Fresh winds of more than 7 m/s produced high SO_2 concentrations in the area downwind of the plumes, (ii) In winter, steady north-westerly winds carried high SO_2 concentrations for many hours to the monitoring station located southeast of the volcano, (iii) In summer, winds were relatively calm due to the dominant Pacific high-pressure system over Japan, resulting in low SO_2 concentrations at ground level on the island, except when typhoons passed, (iv) Travelling high/low pressure systems that move eastward are characteristic of spring and autumn weather, and high SO_2 concentrations produced by strong, changeable winds were recorded at various stations as low pressure systems accompanying cold fronts passed near the island.

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