Economic Development and Emigration : A Study on the Origin Structure of the New Chinese Migrants

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  • 「中国新移民」の移出地構造の変動 : 経済発展の国際人口移動への影響
  • チュウゴク シン イミン ノ イシュツチ コウゾウ ノ ヘンドウ ケイザイ ハッテン ノ コクサイ ジンコウ イドウ エ ノ エイキョウ

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Abstract

International overseas migration from China has grown rapidly since the end of the 1970 s, becoming an important issue both for China and the receiving countries. This paper discusses the changes in the origin structure of the New Chinese Migrants and factors underlying these changes. The main results of the analysis are as follows : (1) Around 1990, the main centers of emigration for the New Chinese Migrants were Shanghai and Beijing, the two regions with the highest income in China. After 1990, with China's continued economic development, other coastal provinces with middle-level incomes developed as main sending regions ; (2) The regional income level, which is strongly correlated with the proportion of university graduates in the local population as well as with local levels of foreign trade and Foreign Direct Investment, is also positively associated with the scale of regional emigration, though its influence has tended to decline in recent years ; (3) The above features and trends are observed both in the overall migration from China to the rest of the world and migration from China to Japan. However, in the latter case, the influence of distance from the sending region to Japan is remarkable, with the number of new migrants from three provinces in Northeast China showing a particularly rapid increase in recent years.

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