隣接面接触関係から見た歯列の近遠心方向の生力学的挙動

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  • Bio-mechanical Behaviors in Mesio-distal Direction of the Dentition Investigated from the Standpoint of the Interdental Proximal Contact Relation
  • リンセツメン セッショク カンケイ カラ ミタ シレツ ノ キン エンシン ホ

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Generally, the teeth are considered to perform a sound function as one of the masticatory organs by forming the dental arch maintaining mesio-distal contact relation with the neighbour teeth. There have been, however, few stadies done on interdental proximal contact relation investigated from a functional standpoint. The author, therefore, made clear the bio-mechanical behaviors in mesio-distal direction of the dentition, with the focus on the interdental proximal contact of the teeth. In the static experiments, measurements with regard to the items listed as follows were taken when load was applied on the teeth and the dentition in the oral cavity kept in a state of rest. a. Displacement of the individual tooth. b. Displacement of a number of the neighbour teeth. c. Displacement of the dentition and the interdental contact force. In the dynamic experiments, measurements regarding the items listed as follows were taken of the dentition in the oral cavity functioning. a. Changes of the interdental contact force. b. Changes of the interproximal distance. The following conclusions were obtained as a result. 1. Mesio-distal displacement of the teeth and the dentition : a. The mesio-distal displacement of the individual tooth did not vary greatly from those of the labio (bucco)- lingual displacement. b. When load was applied on the buccal dentition, the degree of displacement of the dentition decreased as the number of the neighbour teeth increased. It is, therefore, considered that by maintaining the interdental proximal contact of the teeth, reciprocal function of supporting of the teeth occurs, and the mesio-distal displacement and the degree of separation of the teeth decreases. When separation of the teeth occurs, and if the cause is of a temporary nature, it is considered that physiologic rest position of the teeth is restored in a relatively short span of time by the visco-elastic behaviors of the periodontal tissues and the forces of the oral soft tissues which affects the crowns. 2. Interdental Contact Force : The interdental proximal contact state of the buccal dentition was in passive state in most cases. In some cases, however, drag existed on the interdental proximal surfaces. The author termed this force exerted between the teeth 'interdental contact force'. In such cases, the interdental proximal contact state of the dentition under non-occlusal rest position is considered to be in active contact state. The interdental contact force of occlusion is 100g order and temporary at work, but those of the posterior soft tissues and the lips are 10g order. and they are considered temporary in some cases and continuous in others. 3. It is necessary to evaluate the mesio-distal stability of the dentition with an emphasis on the functions of the lips, tongue, and posterior soft tissues. Interdental contact force is considered to be a force derived mainly from the posterior soft tissues. 4. Dento-alveolar discrepancy, a term heretofore in use, should be evaluated, taking into consideration not only the local balances between the lips and the tongue and between the cheeks and the tongue, but also the balance between the lips and the posterior soft tissues, Dento-muscular discrepancy, therefore, is perhaps a more appropriate nomenclature.

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