実験的骨粗鬆症に対するカルチトニンの効果に関する研究 : とくに下顎頭に及ぼす影響

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  • A Study of the Effect of Calcitonin on Experimental Osteoporosis

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Three-week-old rats of Wistar strain were given calcium-deficient diet and experimental osteoporosis was induced in them. These rats were then given calcitonin (eel calcitonin) and its effect on the mandibular condyle, tibia epiphysis, and tibia metaphysis was examined radiologically and histopathologically. The results were as follows : I. Radiological findings A. A compact osseous layer was observed in the periphery of the mandibular condyle and of the tibia epiphysis. Trabeculae were increased, wider, and running vertically from the articular surface. B. In the tibia metaphysis, trabeculae were increased, wider, and running vertically and compactly from the surface of the tibia metaphysis. II. Histopathological findings A. Contact microradiographical findings 1. Granular trabeculae of primary spongiosa in the mandibular condyle were increased. Those of secondary spongiosa were also increased, uniform in width, and running more compactly. 2. Granular trabeculae of primary spongiosa in the tibia epiphysis were slightly increased. Those of secondary spongiosa were also increased, slightly wider, and running more compactly. 3. Trabeculae of primary spongiosa in the tibia metaphysis were increased, clearly distinguishable between longitudinal and lateral trabeculae, and running compactly. Trabeculae of secondary spongiosa were also increased slightly in quantity and width, and running. B. General histopathological findings 1. The cartilage layer in the mandibular condyle thickened because of increase in hypertrophic chondrocytes. Erosions of calcified matrix by chondroclasts were numerous ; however, the patterns of erosion were irregular. Incidence of subchondrocyte bone formation was also high. Trabeculae were wider and most of them constituted weakly-calcified layer. 2. In the tibia epiphysis, the cartilage layer thickened because of decrease in proliferative chondrocytes and increase in hypertrophic chondrocytes. Erosions of calcified matrix by chondroclasts and subchondrocyte bone formation were numerous. Trabeculae widened and most of them constituted weakly-calcified layer. 3. In the tibia metaphysis, the cartilage layer thickened because of increase in proliferative chondrocytes and hypertrophic chondrocytes. Erosions of calcified matrix by chondroclasts and subchondrocyte bone formation were numerous. Trabeculae widened and most of them constituted weakly-calcified layer. III Scanning electron microscope findings In the mandibular condyle, chondrocyte lacunae in the upper portion of the cartilage layer were composed of several calcospherites. The lacunae were 10-20μm in diameter and bowl-shaped, and calcospherites were 1-2μm in diameter. Trabeculae in the zone of subchondrocyte bone formation were wider, and collagen fiber networks and calcospherites were observed in the center of the zone. Several resorption lacunae were observed and collagen fiber networks were also observed extensively. On the basis of the foregoing findings, in the mandibular condyle, tibia epiphysis, and tibia metaphysis, administration of calcitonin facilitated bone formation by inhibiting chondroclasts ; however, most trabeculae constituted weakly-calcified layers. The effect on chondrocytes was the highest in the tibia metaphysis, with the mandibular condyle and tibia epiphysis following.

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