パーシャルデンチャー維持装置の違いによる支台歯の挙動に関する実験的研究

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  • Laboratory Study on Abutment Movements under the Influence of Various Retainer Designs of Unilateral Distal-extended Removable Partial Dentures

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In order to minimize undesirable factors to the abutment teeth affected by retainers of removable partial prostheses, several experiments on the retainer designs including Konus-type telescope crowns have been made in our department. As a part of the experimental program, the abutment movements of unilateral distal-extended removable partial dentures with four clasp assemblies, a cast Aker's, a back-action, a double Aker's, and an extended arm, were observed by using two digital type of laser displacement sensors and they were reciprocally compared through the statistical analyses. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In all of the abutment teeth with four clasp assemblies were recognized the following movements ; the parallel ones of the long axes of the abutment teeth, the inclination, the twist-like, and the vertical ones during the crush of the test food. 2. On the mesiodistal displacements : 1) On the mesiodistal parallel movements of the long axes of the abutment teeth ; (1) The displacement of the abutment teeth (〓) with designs D and E has a tendency to become larger than those with designs A and B. (2) The displacement of the abutment teeth (〓) during the crush of the short test food tended to be significantly larger than those during the long one. 2) On the mesiodistal inclinations : (1) In contrast with the mesiodistal parallel movements, the abutment tooth (〓) with design A showed greater displacements than that with design E significantly. (2) The mesial abutments (〓) with the splinting clasp assemblies showed prominent displacements, which were greater than those of the distal abutments (〓). (3) Displacements when crushing the long type of test food were greater than those when crushing the short one in contrast with those of the above mentioned parallel movements. 3. On the buccolingual displacements : 1) Generally greater inclinations and smaller parallel movements were recognized on the buccolingual behaviors, too. 2) On the buccolingual inclinations ; (1) Different behaviors were clearly noticed on the whole between designs B, D, E, and design A : a buccal or a lingual tipping arose in the abutement teeth (〓) with the former designs (B, D, and E) according to types of the test food. On the contrary, the abutment tooth (〓) with design A arose always to buccal tipping regardless of the type of the test food. (2) The abutment tooth (〓) with the former designs tipped toward buccal side when crushing the long test food, and the amount of displacements were decreased gradually as the load increased. On the other hand, they had a tendency to tip toward lingual side when crushing the short test food. However, the mesial abutment teeth (〓) were little affected. (3) The directions of the inclinations of the distal abutment teeth (〓) with design D were completely contrary to those with one. 4. On the vertical displacements : (1) The abutment teeth (〓) with splinting designs had a tendency to be more depressed than those with single designs. (2) Large displacements were recognized in the mesial abutment teeth (〓), too, although they were somewhat smaller compared with the distal ones (〓). 5. On the twist-like movements : (1) Amount of the twist-like movements of the abutment teeth (〓) were larger in the splinting designs than in the single ones. (2) Prominent twist-like movements were recognized in the mesial abutment teeth (〓).

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