ツチイロエンマコオロギの翅長と飛翔筋に見られる連続的な変異 : 翅型二型現象の進化(2002年度学会賞受賞論文)

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  • Continuous Variation in Wing Length and Flight Musculature in a Tropical Field Cricket, Teleogryllus derelictus: Implications for the Evolution of Wing Dimorphism
  • 2002年度〔日本昆虫〕学会賞受賞論文 ツチイロエンマコオロギの翅長と飛翔筋に見られる連続的な変異:翅型二型現象の進化
  • 2002ネンド ニホン コンチュウ ガッカイショウ ジュショウ ロンブン ツチイロエンマコオロギ ノ シチョウ ト ヒショウキン ニ ミラレル レンゾクテキ ナ ヘンイ シガタ 2ガタ ゲンショウ ノ シンカ

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The highlights of the paper entitled "Continuous variation in wing length and flight musculature in a tropical filed cricket, Teleogryllus derelictus: implications for the evolution of wing dimorphism (Entomological Science, 4: 195-208, 2001)" are described. Wing polymorphism with continuous variation in flight musculature was discovered in T. derelictus Gorochov derived from Java, Indonesia. The frequency distribution in relative wing lengths, hind wing length (HW)/fore wing length (FW), was bimodal with a relatively low frequency of intermediate morphs (IM morph). Flight muscle mass at adult emergence was directly related to HW/FW and the variation was continuous. It changed little after emergence in short-winged (SW) morphs, but showed a >70% increase in some long-winged (LW) morphs, whereas a reduction in mass due to histolysis occurred in IM and other LW morphs. The total fat and triacylglycerol contents were related to body weight, but not to HW/FW. Injections of a synthetic adipokinetic hormone stimulated the formation of low-density lipophorin in both LW and SW morphs, indicating that inter-morph differentiation has not occurred in the lipid-mobilization system. The present results with T. derelictus do not support Roff's hypothesis that a reduction in flight muscles occurred before that in wing length during the course of evolution for wing dimorphism, but may suggest an alternative evolutionary pathway.

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