Flower-Inducing Activity of Benzoic Acid Derivatives for Lemna minor :

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Lemna minor, strain M601, scarcely flowers in full or 1/10 strength M medium supplemented with 1% sucrose either in long-day or short-day conditions, but easily flowers when some benzoic acid derivatives are added to 1/10 strength M-sucrose medium. The presence of cytokinin in the medium improves the activity of benzoic acid but not significantly that of salicylic acid. The structure-activity relationships for the flower-inducing activity of substituted benzoic acid derivatives in the presence of cytokinin were analyzed quantitatively in terms of physicochemical substituent parameters. In the presence of cytokinin, the flower-inducing activity is determined by electronic and steric effects of the substituent. The higher the electron withdrawing ability and the lower the bulkiness of the substituent, the higher is the activity. In the absence of cytokinin, the activity is enhanced by higher electron withdrawing ability of the substituent, but the steric effect is insignificant. In both conditions, the hydroxyl group in the ortho position exhibits an additional effect to enhance activity, and the molecular form responsible for the activity seems to be undissociated neutral species. The structure-activity relationship in L. minor M601 is basically similar to that for L. paucicostata 151.

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